Edward and Somerset

Question 1

How old was he when he came to the throne?

Answer 1

9 yrs

Question 2

Who were his two tutors and main influences as a child?

Answer 2

Protestant influence from Catherine parr
Cheke and coxe
Listened to sermons and studied notes in Greek

Question 3

What relation has the duke of Somerset got to king ed ?

Answer 3

Uncle to ed

Question 4

What title does northumberland take when he comes to power in the regency council?

Answer 4

Lord protector

Question 5

What religion was Somerset?

Answer 5

Moderate Protestant

Question 6

What title did duke of Somerset have before he became lord protector?

Answer 6

Earl of Hertford

Question 7

Why could you say Somerset was ruthless?

Answer 7

Thomas his brother tried to gain money, Somerset killed this brother

Question 8

What were the 5 problems that faced Somerset in 1547?

Answer 8

Foreign policy, religion, finance, status, socio economic issues

Question 9

Why was religion a problem under Somerset?

Answer 9

“Factional battleground” no clear religion at the start of ed’s reign
If Somerset pushed for reform too much then he could start potential unrest.

Question 10

How much did the population of England rise to in 1547?

Answer 10

3 million

Question 11

What were the main socio economic issues under Somerset?

Answer 11

Inflation due to coinage debasement and high grain demand , vagrancy, revolt and unrest

Question 12

What were main financial problems for Somerset ?

Answer 12

Spend 2 million on war, £150 000 debt from Antwerp, needed to pay interest so debts go up, inflation dye due debasement of coinage in 1543 “ fortune squandered”

Question 13

Why was status a problem for Somerset?

Answer 13

He isn’t the king only a duke, lord protector , needs support from the council

Question 14

Why was foreign policy an issue for Somerset?

Answer 14

France- technically at peace but revenge from France, Francois dies and Henri II is aggressive .
Scots- open hostility, no treaty, constant raids, unresolved conflict- poses dilemma for Somerset , war or peace? No money for war but doesn’t want to seem weak and wanted to fulfil Henry’s dying wish of unity

Question 15

What was the difference in the way Somerset ran Northumberland ran government ?

Answer 15

Somerset used personal power and relied proclamations.

Sir Michael Stanhope was then groom of the stool-one of Somerset’s men so centralised power for himself.

Question 16

How many proclamations did Somerset pass between 147-49?

Answer 16

77 (x30 more )

Question 17

When was the new treason act passed along with a repeal of which Henrician laws ?

Answer 17

Nov 1547 act of treason passed, censorship gone, act of 6 articles gone.

Question 18

Why was the treason act and repeal of Henrician significant ?

Answer 18

Why? Popularity, religious reform
Effective? Encouraged debate, spreading of ideas and led to wide iconoclasm in 1548 - break down of social order.
“Helped to promote the very disorder he was trying to avoid”

Question 19

What and when was the chantries act passed?

Answer 19

1547- act was devised to raise money for f.p.
Commissioners were sent out in 1548 to confiscate land from chantries and take gold, silver from properties then melted to make coins.
Royal mints ordered to reissue coinage reduces silver content by adding copper.
Added to inflation
2374 dissolved
£160 000 raised

Question 20

When and what was the vagrancy act and public order?

Answer 20

1547- anyone who didn’t work for 3 days =2 yrs slavery. If repeated offence then lifetime slavery. Branded with a ‘v’.
Was not popular or enforced by authorities( lack of support)
Route cause- enclosures, leads to unemployment.
Banned football,spreading of rumours and unlawful assemblies.

Question 21

When was the wool tax introduced?

Answer 21

1548

Question 22

When was the book of common prayer introduced, what was it ?

Answer 22

Jan 1549- act of uniformity , all clergy had to use Protestant practices ,service sin English, compromise of Lutheran and catholic ideas.
Opposition from west e.g. Cornwall , Devon, Dorset (catholic)
No change to Eucharist or clothes or holy days.

Question 23

What were main reasons that Somerset fell from power?

Answer 23

Socio economic- un solved enclosures, grain, inflation, summer of unrest.
Council - enemies no support
Religion- common prayer led to western rebellion.
Personal style - personal power, proclamations.
Foreign policy- want union through marriage, garrison against Scotland fails, france declare war.

Question 24

When was Somerset executed for what ?

Answer 24

1552 for treason

Question 25

When was the battle of pinkie?

Answer 25

1547

Question 26

What are the details of the battle of pinkie?

Answer 26

Dying wish of Henry VIII- Union between ed and Mary -rough wooing and new French king who is aggressive.
The battle- fleet 4000 to Scotland , scots attack at st Andrews, Somerset sends 16000 infantry, 4000 Calvery, cannons, 30 ships. Scots send 20000 militia. 500 English +500 Scottish casualties 500 Captured.
25 garrisons out in Scotland to keep peace while sorts marriage.
Garrisons pulled back after epistle of exhortation 1548 fails.

Question 27

As well as the rejection of the epistle of exhortation and pulled out garrisons, what other major problem was there?

Answer 27

Leith Mary is given to the French to be married to the dauphin, with 5000 men.
Then scots siege garrison at paddigton, even though there was a relief force of 14000 , led to stalemate and the French declared war in 1549.
Garrisons evacuated.

Question 28

When did the French declare war again England under Somerset?

Answer 28

1549

Question 29

When did Edward become king?

Answer 29

1547