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Tudors > Henry, Cromwell and 1540's > Flashcards

Henry, Cromwell and 1540's Flashcards

1
Q

Who was Cromwell’s father and where was he born?

A

In putney, blacksmiths son.

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2
Q

Give information about Cromwell’s background.

A

Italy as a banker , France solider in 1503, Rome, London 1512 got married and had kids, became legal advisor for Wolsey in 1520

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3
Q

When was Wolsey born?

A

1485(?)

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4
Q

Which gentleman of the privy chamber was executed for treason after allegedly having intimate relations with Catherine Howard in the privy at Pontefract castle?

A

Thomas culpepper

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5
Q

What was Cromwell alleged to have memorised when he travelled across France?

A

New Testament

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6
Q

Name one of the courts Cromwell established to deal with new income from the church ?

A

First fruits and tenths or augmentations

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7
Q

Which pope excommunicated Henry in 1538 raiding possibility of catholic crusade ?

A

Pope Paul III

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8
Q

How big was Henry’s waist in 1540’s ?

A

50 inches

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9
Q

Who were the two factions that jostled for power in 1540s ?

A

Conservative and progressive

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10
Q

When was the act in restraint of appeals passed?

A

1533

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11
Q

In what year did Henry divorce Catherine and marry Anne ?

A

1533

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12
Q

What year was the treason act passed?

A

1534

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13
Q

In what year were the acts of supremacy and succession passed ?

A

1534

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14
Q

When was the act of union passed ?

A

1536

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15
Q

What also happend in 1536? And then again in 1539?

A

Dissolution of the monestries

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16
Q

When was Cromwell executed ?

A

1540

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17
Q

When Did Henry marry Anne of cleves?

A

1540

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18
Q

What did Henry call Anne of cleves and why?

A

He did not like the look of her and did not consummate the marriage in 1540

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19
Q

In 1536 Durham lost what kind of status?

A

County palatine status - wasn’t semi independent anymore,extended authority of Henry.

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20
Q

Name two councils Cromwell set up to increase royal authority in the regions?

A

Court of the west, Calais , North

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21
Q

What position did Cromwell get in 1534?

A

Principal secretary - gave him power over flow of information

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22
Q

When did he become vicegerent in spirituals?

A

1535

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23
Q

When did Cromwell get baron of wimbledon and lord privy seal?

A

1536

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24
Q

Which noble dangled his niece in front of Henry to attempt to gain influence in 1540?

A

Duke of Norfolk

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25
Q

Name victims who were persecuted for opposing the marriage of Henry and Anne ?

A

Cardinal john fisher, sir Thomas Moore, Carthusian monks.

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26
Q

How many pages of law were passed between 1509-47?

A

1097

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27
Q

Give the aims in government by Cromwell?

A

Grant Henry DIVORCE through legislation, BREAK WITH ROME and achieve sovereignty, ensure ABSOLUTISM of kinG, INCREASE POWER OF PARLIAMENT to make sure it serves the king, modernise government to be more BUREAUCRATIC.

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28
Q

What historian said that Cromwell’s reforms were not technically a revolution?

A

Guy because span of over 7 yrs

29
Q

What did the act of Union do?

A

United Wales and England Henry had full. Power over the government and MP’s, extended Henry’s imperialism.

30
Q

What did Cromwell do to the privy council ?

A

Reduced number from 50 to 19 members -lessened influence of nobility.

31
Q

What word mean to react to political needs of the time ?

A

Pragmatism

32
Q

When was the great bible(1) published ?

A

1538

33
Q

When was the act of 6 articles passed?

A

1539

34
Q

Give the 4 reasons for Cromwell’s downfall

A

Howard’s, cleves, enemies, religion, kings favour

35
Q

Who was the bishop of Winchester who led the attack on Cranmer in 1543?

A

Gardiner

36
Q

Which wife was accused of heresy but then defended by Henry when the troops came to arrest her?

A

Catherine parr

37
Q

Give and example of a coastal fort built in 1530/40’s

A

South sea

38
Q

Which noble was executed in 1546 ?

A

Henry Howard

39
Q

What treat did Henry try to force on the scots to unite the 2 kingdoms ?

A

Greenwich

40
Q

Who was in charge of the dry stamp in The 1540’s?

A

Sir Antony Denny

41
Q

Who was Henry’s principal secretary in the 1540’s?

A

Sir William paget

42
Q

When was the arrest of Catherine parr?

A

1546

43
Q

What arms did Henry Howard display in 1546?

A

Of Edwards the confessor

44
Q

There is a naval expansion in 1540’s now many ships are added?

A

Form 7ships to a fleet of over 40

45
Q

When was soloway moss ?

A

1542

46
Q

When was Edinburgh burning?

A

1544

47
Q

Campaign in 1544 to Boulogne?

A

Henry went (53 yrs old) 40, 000 men

48
Q

Treaty of campe/andres?

A

1546- will sell Boulogne back to the French in 8 yrs. for 600000, he fortifies the city and puts up garrisons.

49
Q

How much did Henry spend on wars in the 1540’s?

A

Nearly 2 million

50
Q

How many MPs were sent to Calais in the 1536 calais act ?

A

2

51
Q

4 things that happened in 1533?

A

Marriage to ann B
Act in restraint of appeals
Annulment in May
Elizabeth was born( reason for marriage)

52
Q

How many scots captured at Soloway Moss?

A

1000

53
Q

The Solemnt fleet in 1545. What was the name of the English flag ship?

A

Mary rose

54
Q

When was the battle of pinkie?

A

1547

55
Q

When is war declared by France ?

A

1549

56
Q

When was the epistle of exhortation?

A

1548

57
Q

What other two acts part from the acts of succession and supremacy, were passed in 1534?

A

First fruits and tenths

Treason acts

58
Q

Who ran the court of augmentations?

A

Sir Richard Rich

59
Q

What did the court of augmentations deal with ?

A

Ex monastic wealth especially after the dissolution

60
Q

Why did starkey criticise Cromwell’s government?

A

He said that they were more consequential ast was just mere submissiveness of Cromwell to the whim of he king. So wasn’t revolution
Also pointed out that there were other like- minded individuals such as the commonwealth group.

61
Q

Apart from pragmatism , how else could Cromwell’s financial changes be undermined?

A

Mary puts them all into one court of exchequer in 1550s - so short term and not as efficient in terms of finance for her reign.

62
Q

Details of how the Howard faction played a part in Cromwell’s downfall?

A

They used the fact that the advancement of Protestantism under Cromwell such as the marriage with the cleves, meant it was easier to accuse him if heresy and Protestant sympathies.

63
Q

Why did the cleves marriage be put fwd in the first place by Cromwell?

A

It was an attempt to strengthn England with another Protestant ally to address the problem of isolation due to the break with Rome.

64
Q

Who leads the attack on Catherine parr in 1546?

A

Thomas wriothesley (l.c at the time)

65
Q

Details of Anne Boleyn ?

A

1533-36

Be headed for treason and adultery

66
Q

Detail of jane Seymour ?

A

1536-37
Dies when giving birth to ed
Was one of Anne’s ladies in waiting
Buried next to Henry at windsor castle

67
Q

Details of the Anne of cleves?

A

Jan 1540- June 1540

Marriage never consummated,Flanders made, was more diplomatic alliance rather than for Henry, led to Cromwell’s downfall

68
Q

Details for Katherine Howard?

A

1540-42 beheaded
Niece of Norfolk
Dec1541- Thomas culpepper at Pontefract castle.

69
Q

Details for Katherine parr?

A

1542-outlived Henry who died in 1547(age 56)
Marriage was more for companion ship, was already 2x widowed, nurse maid.
She had progressive religious views, influence on Edward.

Tudors (7 decks)

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