Marxist Perspective

Question 1

What do they see education as?

Answer 1

Means of social control, encourage young people to be conformist and accept their social position. Also emphasise way education system reproduces existing social class inequalities

Question 2

Althusser: ideological state apparatus components

Answer 2

. Reproduction of necessary technical skills which allocate people to different social classes as adults
. Reproduction of R/C ideology which justifies capitalist system

Question 3

What does Bourdieu say?

Answer 3

(1977)
Argues key role of education system in capitalist society is legitimising class inequalities and reproducing class structure
. Habitus
. Cultural capital

Question 4

Habitus

Answer 4

Cultural framework and set of ideas possessed by a social class into which people are socialised

Question 5

Cultural capital

Answer 5

Knowledge, language, manners, forms of behaviour, attitudes and values which give M/C and U/C in-built advantage in the education system

Question 6

Illich and Freire

Answer 6

Argued schools are repressive which promote conformity and encourage students into passive acceptance of existing inequalities and interests of powerful. Rewarded with qualifications and better jobs

Question 7

Hegemonic control

Answer 7

Control of W/C achieved through hegemony and acceptance of R/C ideas

Question 8

Hegemony

Answer 8

Dominance in society of R/C ideas, acceptance and consent to it by rest of society

Question 9

Bowles and Gintis

Answer 9

‘Long shadow of work’

Work casts long shadow over education and hidden curriculum corresponds closely to features of workplace

Question 10

3 things Bowles and Gintis argue the education system does:

Answer 10

. Maintains and justifies social inequalities
. Helps people come to terms with it
. Reduces discontent and opposition to it therefore