Marxism + Functionalism Flashcards
1
Q
Althusser
Marxist
A
- Ideological State Apparatus (ISA)
- In education we have been persuaded to obey and believe in hierarchy
- Repressive state apparatus - police and army
2
Q
Bowles + Gintis
Marxists
A
- Correspondence Principle
- concept that there is a direct connection between education and work
- there is a correspondence between social background and achievement
- hidden curriculum- trained to respond to instruction
3
Q
Bourdieu
Marxist
A
- Cultural Capital
- advantage you have coming from a background which values education
- middle class parents pass it on to their kids
- bourgeoisie parlance
4
Q
Boudon
Marxist
A
- Cost of Persistence
(financial,cultural,social) - for the working class - why some fail
- cost to continue education which stops working class from pursuing it
5
Q
Paul Willis
- Neo Marxist
A
- Studied working class school boys
- even if you are being forced to you don’t always conform
- some reject school norms and values
- dropped out and developed “shop floor culture”
6
Q
Criticisms of Marxism - 9
A
- Too Negative
- B&G - fail to understand how beneficial education could be
- what about the working class who do well?
- Makes out that people are passive
- all ignore power of individual
- generalises
- feminists argue they ignore issues of gender
- ignore ethnicity
- education creates diversity not inequality
7
Q
Durkheim
Functionalist
A
- education has two key functions
1- aid social solidarity -> pride in history + culture
2- to develop specialist skills
8
Q
Parsons
Functionalist
A
- teaches secondary socialisation which leads to/creates value consensus
- school is the bridge between family life and real society
- teaches value of achievement and a meritocracy based on universalistic standards - allows status to be achieved instead of ascribed
9
Q
Davis and Moore
Functionalist
A
- Role Allocation
- main function is to sift and sort based on ability
- inequality is necessary so the roles in society are filled by the most talented
10
Q
Hargreaves
Functionalism
Anti
A
- School put to much emphasis on individuals
- should promote contributions
- this creates sense of dignity (self worth)
- without dignity some will rebel and subcultures will be created
11
Q
What is SETS?
Functionalism
A
S-ocial control and solidarity-> through discipline
E-conomic-> creating a skilled workforce
T-ransmits norms and values-> secondary socialisation
S-ocial selection-> most talented get best jobs - selecting best individuals
12
Q
Criticisms of functionalism
A
- we no longer have value consensus
- meritocracy is a myth
- doesn’t consider social conflict
- pupils don’t always conform
