Marxism Flashcards

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1
Q

Marxism core beliefs

A
  • founder = Karl Marx
  • conflict theory = society is in a state of perpetual conflict because of competition for limited resources, holds that social order is maintained by donation and power, rather then consensus and conformity
  • inequality they study = economic inequality, mostly the uneven distribution under capitalism of the means of production between capitalists and workers, division of social class
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2
Q

What is capitalism?

A
  • a economic and political system in which. A countries trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit rather than by the state
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3
Q

Marxists main focus

A
  • social class inequality
  • inequality caused by capitalism
  • the institution controls is and maintain this inequality by passing down capitalists norms and values through socialisation
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4
Q

What did they think about the working class

A

They were exploited by ruling classes and paid very little in wages and working it terrible conditions and the ruling classes wanted to make the profit

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5
Q

What is the bourgeoisie

A

Means of production, the rich

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6
Q

Who are the proletariats

A

The wage slaves, poor

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7
Q

Rich get ? Poorer get ?

A

The rich get richer and the poorer get poorer

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8
Q

What did Marxists think the solution to capitalism was???

A
  • workers of the world and power = communism

- one day the rich will become so rich and the poor so poor they will stand up and revolt

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9
Q

Critiques of Marxism:

A
  • too negative and ignores positives in society
  • too deterministic and ignores how we have free will to resist this control
  • outdated = we now have more support and policies available for working class eg free school meals
  • social classes are becoming more blurred with a rise in middle class and less labour jobs
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10
Q

What do new rights believe?

A
  • the nation is built on welfare dependency a nanny state ruined by the underclass
  • too dependent on the government welfare system
  • become too easy to access financial handouts rather than working hard for what you get
  • nanny state= lost our independence and self sufficiency so has created an underclass of people who chose not to work as they take advantage of the welfare state
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11
Q

What are post modernists???

A

They believe society can no longer be defined as modern because it has changed so significantly all other theories are useless now

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12
Q

Similarities between Marxism and functionalism

A

Both structuralist = look at how society controls and shapes us , top down

  • no free will= deterministic
  • came around in enlightens period = modernists so new for their time
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13
Q

Differences if Marxism and functionalism

A
  • Marxists are a conflict theory so focus on negatives, and are in disagreement so aren’t harmonious
  • functionalists are rose tinted
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14
Q

How does capitalism effect our society

A

If u work harder you get more money showing our society is built off of wealth and free enterprise
No limits restrictions on wealth
Divide between rich and poor which created class inequality
Rich get richer poor get poorer
Too deterministic and too focused on money consequences

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15
Q

Proletariat

A

They feel exploited by the poor and they have to be ‘wage slaves’ just to get by
Need a uprising rebellion but we need majority
‘Nothing to loose but our chains ‘
Solution is communism = classless equal society which will only happen when we live in condensed, too rose tinted? Unrealistic .

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16
Q

The hierarchy explained

A

Bourgeoisie: institutions told us it’s the right way and this socialised us
Poletarial: majority but still powerless = no one will listen so won’t stand up as they are scared to lose jobs
We blame ourselves not the system because we in a way hold up the c system through labour as they tell us capitalism is good
- capitalism is normal and fair and it’s just the waythings are to be cheated and exploited

17
Q

what is the superstructure?

A
  • the institutions, maintains the base
  • shaped by the base
  • institutions are vital in installing capitalism and protecting it and keeping it
  • they benefit it = shaped by it and serves to support, promote and maintain it
  • without family = uprising of capitalism
18
Q

what is the infrastructure?

A
  • the foundations
  • money,society is built on it
  • base shapes the superstructure
19
Q

Zaretsky quotes

A
  • ‘family props up capitalism’

- ‘nuclear family acted as a ‘safe haven’

20
Q

ansley quote

A

-women are ‘takers of shit’

21
Q

inheritance of property

A
  • higher class own the factories, exploit workers and pass these down to their heirs so they will also be wealthy and wont need to worry about money
  • benefit off exploiting workers
  • ‘baby makers’ = women had babies with one sexual partner and married so men would know their genuine heir and could pass down their wealth
  • used to be a ‘promiscious horde’ = used to be no restrictions on sexual relationships
  • Engels = ‘monogamy is essential’ = only have one partner their married to throughout their whole life
  • meant female sexuality was always under mens control so they could always be the breadwinners of the family and women were powerless and they were so emotionally dependent on working me.
  • ‘primitive communism’= no class,everyone traded communally
  • went from promiscious horde to nuclear family being developed