MARRIAGE, SEXUALITY, AND HUMAN REPRODUCTION PART 2 Flashcards
management of infertility includes:
- controlled ovarian stimulation with intrauterine insemination
- assisted reproductive techniques
First line treatment for those with anovulation and sufficient ovarian
estrogen production
clomiphene citrate
clomiphene citrate is given only in pts with ___
intact hypothalamic-pituitary ovarian axis
– No dominant follicle after administration of clomiphene
clomiphene resistance
risk of multiple pregnancy with clomiphene
5-8%
risk of ovulation induction: – More common with the use of Gonadotropins
(FSH)
ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
When all follicles rupture at the same time → ___
ascites and effusion
▪ It is the deliberate introduction of sperm into the uterine cavity for the purpose of achieving a pregnancy
through in vivo fertilization (inside the body) by means other than sexual intercourse.
intrauterine insemination
Second-line treatment for unexplained infertility
intrauterine insemination
▪ Intrauterine insemination is the ideal treatment for ___ because it is a progressive
disease.
endometriosis
indications for intrauterine insemination
- unexplained infertility
- minimal to mild endometriosis
- ovulatory dysfunction
- failed ovulation induction alone
- male subfertility
▪ A failure of ___ times of ovulation induction warrants intrauterine insemination.
six
▪ Refers to all techniques involving direct retrieval of oocyte from the ovary.
▪ Involves manipulation of the oocyte
assisted reproductive techniques
indications of ART
- bipolar tubal disease
- severe endometriosis
- > 35 yo with 6 mos failed infertility treatment
- 3rd line treatment for unexplained fertility and ovulatory dysfunction
- when others have failed
The egg and sperm are combined outside the body in a lab, and the resulting embryo is transferred to the uterus.
in vitro fertilization
Sperm and eggs are placed directly into the fallopian tube, allowing fertilization to occur naturally inside the body.
gamete intrafallopian transfer
A fertilized egg (zygote) is cultured in a lab for a short period and then transferred into the fallopian tube.
zygote intrafallopian transfer
Similar to ZIFT, but the embryo is transferred at a later stage of development into the fallopian tube.
tubal embryo transfer
Eggs and sperm are placed into the peritoneal cavity near the fallopian tubes to encourage natural fertilization.
peritoneal oocyte and sperm transfer
According to the Catechism of the Catholic Church, techniques involving only the married couple
(homologous artificial insemination and fertilization) are perhaps less reprehensible yet remain morally
unacceptable since they dissociate the ___ from the ___
sexual act; procreative act
Practice in which a woman bears a child for a couple unable to produce children
in the usual way, usually, because the wife is infertile or otherwise unable to undergo pregnancy
surrogacy / surrogate motherhood
The surrogate mother is impregnated through artificial insemination with the sperm of the husband.
tradition surrogacy
- The wife’s ova and the husband’s sperm are subjected to in vitro fertilization and the resulting embryo is implanted in the surrogate mother.
gestational surrogacy
In both traditional and gestational surrogacy, the surrogate gives up all parental rights, but this
has been subject to legal challenge.
surrogate motherhood
ethical issues of surrogacy
- stress, anxiety, and emotional distress of the surrogate mother
- emotional bond of biological mother and child
- womb leasing / womb for rent
when does life begin
fertilization
type of abortion - Occurs without any forms of inducement or intervention.
spontaneous natural abortion
- Abortion which will not take place had it not been for some form of inducement of intervention.
induced abortion
type of abortion - Purposely done to preserve the life of the mother
therapeutic abortion
type of abortion – Done without any therapeutic indication but with criminal intent and is punishable by law
criminal abortion
Allowed by law under some specific justification:
o First: That the evil sought to be avoided exists
o Second: That the injury feared be greater than that done to avoid it
o Third: That there be no other practical and less harmful means of preventing it
therapeutic abortion
___ is always illicit, and no human law can make it good or legitimate to justify it.
intentional abortion
- State of not knowing the nature of sexual life and not having experienced sexual relation
- Applies to children below the age of puberty and whose sex organs and secondary sex characters are
not yet developed.
moral virginity
- Condition of a woman who permits any form of sexual liberties if they abstain from rupturing the hymen
by sexual act. - “Engage in all forms of sex (even anal) except penetration of the vagina that may lead to the destruction
of the hymen.”
demi verginity
- Literally the term refers to a truly virgin woman.
- There are no structural changes in her organs to infer previous sexual intercourse.
- She is a virtuous woman.
virgo intacta
- A woman is conscious of the nature of sexual life but has not experienced sexual intercourse.
- Applies to women who have reached sexual maturity but have not experienced sexual intercourse.
- No conclusive medical findings to show that a woman is physically virgin.
physical virginity
Condition wherein the hymen is intact and the opening small to
barely admit the tip of the smallest finger of the examiner
physical virgin
The hymen is unruptured, but the orifice is wide and elastic to
admit 2 or more fingers
false physical virgin
Rape is committed by having carnal knowledge of a woman under any of the following circumstances:
- using force / intimidation
- woman is deprived of reason / unconscious
- woman < 12 yo
- Act of a man in having sexual bodily connection with a woman
- There is a ___ if there is the slightest penetration in the sexual organ of the female by the sexual organ of the male.
carnal knowledge
The crime of rape shall hereafter be classified as a Crime Against Persons under
Republic Act No. 8353, also known as the Anti-Rape Law of 1997
