Marriage and Alliance

Question 1

marriage

Answer 1

a culturally sanctioned union between two or more people that established certain rights and obligations between the people, their children, and their in-laws

Question 2

marriage rules

Answer 2

endogamy and exogamy

Question 3

endogamy

Answer 3

marriage within a particular group or category of individuals

Question 4

exogamy

Answer 4

marriage outside the group

Question 5

forms of marriage

Answer 5

monogamy, polygamy, group marriage

Question 6

monogamy

Answer 6

marriage in which both partners have just one spouse

Question 7

polygamy

Answer 7

one individual having multiple spouses at the same time; polygyny and polyandry

Question 8

polygyny

Answer 8

marriage of a man to two or more women at the same time

Question 9

polyandry

Answer 9

marriage of a woman to two or more men at the same time

Question 10

group marriage

Answer 10

marriage in which several men and women have sexual access to one another

Question 11

marriage and economic exchange

Answer 11

bride price, bride service, dowry

Question 12

bride price

Answer 12

payments of money to a bride’s parents or other close kin from the groom or his kin to compensate family for loss of the woman’s labor

Question 13

bride service

Answer 13

alternative to monetary payments in bride price, groom works for the bride’s family for a designated period of time

Question 14

dowry

Answer 14

payment of a woman’s inheritance at the time of her marriage, either to her or her husband; man becomes obligated to care for the woman and support her

Question 15

postmarital residence patterns

Answer 15

patrilocal residence, matrilocal residence, neolocal residence, avunculocal residence, ambilocal residence, duolocal residence

Question 16

patrilocal residence

Answer 16

married couple lives near the husband’s father’s relatives, consolidates male labor

Question 17

matrilocal residence

Answer 17

married couple lives near wife’s parents, found in places where women’s labor is valuable

Question 18

neolocal residence

Answer 18

married couple establishes their household location apart from the husband’s or wife’s parents, industrial societies where individuals travel to find jobs

Question 19

avunculocal residence

Answer 19

married couple lives with or near husband’s mother’s brother from whom the husband will inherit; matrilineal descent

Question 20

ambilocal residence

Answer 20

couple lives with one spouse’s family, then the other, then chooses which to stay with permanently

Question 21

duolocal residence

Answer 21

husbands and wives live with their own lineages even after marriage

Question 22

nuclear family

Answer 22

family consisting of one or two parents and dependent offspring; common in foraging groups in harsh environments and industrial socieites

Question 23

extended family

Answer 23

when two or more closely related nuclear families cluster together into a domestic group; common in traditional farming and herding cultures