Kinship

Question 1

kinship

Answer 1

a network of relatives within which individuals possess certain mutual rights and obligations; always been a central topic in anthropology

Question 2

centrality of kinship

Answer 2

single most important social institution in many societies; many interaction organized on basis of kinship

Question 3

kinship can determine

Answer 3

livelihood, marriage partner, protection, social identity

Question 4

organizing kin

Answer 4

appropriate to look at kinship in terms of cultural classification of people and the formation of groups

Question 5

incest taboo

Answer 5

universal norm prohibiting sexual relations between persons classified as close blood-kin

Question 6

endogamy

Answer 6

when one marries within the group

Question 7

exogamy

Answer 7

when one marries outside the group

Question 8

kinship membership

Answer 8

kin groups can provide basis for political support, kin members can be trusted business partners

Question 9

kin group

Answer 9

tied through bonds of loyalty, often functions together as a corporate group (negotiating marriage contracts, engaging in warfare.

Question 10

6 possible principles for transmission of kin group membership

Answer 10

patrilineal, matrilineal, double, cognatic, parallel, crossing/alternating

Question 11

patrilineal

Answer 11

both sons and daughters take on father’s patrilineage, only sons pass on the patrilineage to their children

Question 12

matrilineal

Answer 12

both sons and daughters belong to mother’s matrilineage, only daughters pass on matrilineage to children; mother’s brother become most important in inheritance

Question 13

double

Answer 13

some resources transmitted through father’s lineage, some through mother’s; both lineages kept separte

Question 14

cognatic

Answer 14

membership through kin on both the mother’s and father’s side; equally related to people on both sides

Question 15

parallel

Answer 15

men transmit their lineage to sons, women to daughters

Question 16

crossing/alternating

Answer 16

men transmit lineage to daughters, women to sons

Question 17

lineage

Answer 17

persons who can indicate by stating all intermediate links, common descent from descent from a shared ancestor

Question 18

clan

Answer 18

people who assume shared descent from an ancestor without being able to enumerate all of the links; sometimes mythical or animal ancestor

Question 19

ascribed status

Answer 19

not chose but assigned to individual; race, ethnicity, gender, age

Question 20

achieved status

Answer 20

acquired or chosen by individual; profession, activism, residence