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Sociology Education > Marketisation + Privatisation > Flashcards

Marketisation + Privatisation Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

marketisation + privatisation have their roots in…

A

neo-liberalism - economic approach that resources are more efficiently managed by private businesses

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2
Q

neo-liberalism is a feature of…

A

the New Right approach to education

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3
Q

The New Right argue to improve education parents should..

A
  • have a choice in the schools they send kids to.
  • should be consumers ‘shopping around’ for the right school
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4
Q

why do TNR believe competition raises standards

A

best schools -> best exam results -> attracts new parents + students

Therefore schools aim to improve teaching -> exam results improve and appeal to parents -> students leave with better results

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5
Q

the idea of marketisation was first introduced in the ____ ______ Act by the ______ government

A
  • 1988 Education reform Act
  • Conservative government
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6
Q

give 2 examples of parents ‘shopping around’ for best school

A
  • looking at Ofsted reports
    attending opening days
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7
Q

define parentocracy

A

where parents have a say in the school their children attend

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8
Q

what do TNR argue wc parents should do to get their children in the best schools?

A

they believe its the parents fault if they dont get their children into the best schools.
They should..
- take an interest in schools
- research schools
- be in paid work to afford transporting

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9
Q

how do marxists critisise TNR

A

argue that parentocracy is a myth - only mc parents able to take advantage of greater choice

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10
Q

the mc are able to pay for transport to send kids to better schools. what is this known as

A

mc have economic capital

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11
Q

the wc cant afford transport to secure place in better schools. what is this known as

A

wc have material deprivation

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12
Q

mc parents are confident talking to teachers + knows what Qs too ask to research the schools. this is known as..

A

mc have educational capital

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13
Q

why may working class parents lack educational capital?

A

mainly speak in restricted code/dont share same mc habitus

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14
Q

what are some troubles ethnic minority parents can face when trying to get their children to attend the best schools

A

dont speak english well -> struggle with application forms + understanding teachers -> cant ask the right questions/research school

speak restricted code -> embarrassed to talk to teachers who speak elaborated code

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15
Q

what are League tables

A

where all exam results from schools are published

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16
Q

name 2 things League tables encourage and how

A
  • parentocracy - parents can make informed choices by comparing school success rates
  • competition - schools compete for best exam results so theyre in a higher position -> new students will see their schools at the top and want to attend
17
Q

(ao3) league tables have led to… and created..

A
  • cream-skimming + silt-shifting
  • educational triage
18
Q

to reach the top of league tables, successful schools ‘cream-skim’. what does this mean

A

they select the best students (mc) to attend-> higher exam results

19
Q

what does ‘silt-shifted’ mean and who does this affect

A
  • affect wc students
  • dont offer them places, believe theyll do poor in exams + damage league table position
20
Q

what sociologist argues league tables have created educational triage

A

Gillborn + Youdell

21
Q

what is educational triage

A

where schools spend more time on students achieving Cs/Ds so they have more pass results
whilst ‘hopeless case’ students put in bottom sets + receive less attention

22
Q

educational triage reproduces…

A

reproduces social class inequalities

23
Q

what is formula funding

A

money schools receive for each student enrolled

24
Q

how does formula funding give schools an advantage and help them

A

schools can expand + improve with the money
-afford new facilities
- get better qualified teachers

25
Q

TNR claim formula funding will..

A

raise standards by force failing schools to improve otherwise theyll be closed down

26
Q

how does competition between schools make it harder for poorer schools

A

poorer schools continue to lack resources to improve due to formula funding -> cant improve the school as they dont receive money -> results in polarisation of schools

27
Q

what is polarisation of schools

A

high performing schools with mc students become more popular - under performing schools with wc students fail to attract new students + funding is reduced

28
Q

(ao3) formula funding increases…

A

educational inequalities

29
Q

give 2 examples of how academy schools have more freedom

A
  • can change length of school day
  • set their own staff pay
30
Q

from what year did coalition government encourage state schools to become independent academies

A

2010

31
Q

what are successful schools that choose to become academies called and name a school as an example

A
  • converter academies
  • e.g. the blue coat church of england school
32
Q

what are failing schools that are turned into academies called and name a school as an example

A
  • sponsored academy
  • waterhead academy
33
Q

as academies arent controlled by local authorities, what are some concerns of this and give an example

A
  • lack of oversights + checks
  • e.g. Trojan Horse scandal 2014 - fears of an islamic extremist takeover of academy schools in Birmingham
34
Q

define privatisation

A

private companies delivering services to state schools

35
Q

give 4 examples of private companies

A
  • exam boards
  • careers advice
  • ICT services
  • supply agencies
36
Q

the conservative government claim privatisation will make education more..

A

efficient, cost effective and raise standards

37
Q

marxists argue that exam boards reproduce social class inequalities, why?

A

wc students suffer material deprivation -> cant afford remarks -> may lose out on a place at university

mc student can use their economic capital -> greater chance of going to uni

38
Q

what are supply agencies

A

profit making business - charge schools £180 per day for supply teacher

39
Q

many schools (low on league tables) cant afford supply from supply agencies so they employ cover supervisors (cheaper). what issues does this cause for students?

A

cover supervisors are usually unqualified -> lack classroom management skills -> poor student behaviour -> under performing in exams.

the teaching is also limited - they cover all subjects + arent subject specialists

Sociology Education (6 decks)

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