Marketing / Flashcards
Price
Amount charged for the cost of a product
Factors influencing price
- Cost of product to make
- Competition
- State of economy
- Quality
- Brand
Price skimming
Initially setting a high price to cover R&D costs and lowering it after a period of time, when rivals enter the market
Price penetration
Initially setting a low price, usually to try to get customers to try the product
Competitive pricing
Setting a price similar to competitors
Loss leader
Charging cost or below cost price
Cost-plus
Setting a price by adding a mark-up percentage to the cost of manufacturing
Place
- Location, where the business is situated
* Distribution channel
Distribution channels
How product gets from producer to consumer
Direct distribution channel
Producer ——> consumer
• E-commerce
Modern distribution channel
Producer —> retailer —> consumer
Traditional distribution channel
Producer —> wholesaler —> retailer —> consumer
• small corner shops
Promotion
Communicating with potential or existing customers
Above the line
Promotion
Promotion using media
• Advertising
Below the line
Promotion
Promotion not using media
• Sales promotion