MARKERS 2

Question 1

GERM CELL TUMOR MARKERS (3)

Answer 1

• HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN
• ALPHA FETOPROTEIN
• PLACENTA-LIKE ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE

Question 2

GERM CELL TUMOR MARKERS

1. Synthesized by placental syncytiotrophoblasts
   - marker for
2. Synthesized by normal hepatocytes
   - Marker for ______ showing yolk sac differentiation
3. Produced by placental syncytiotrophoblasts in late pregnancy
   - Marker for _____, particularly _______

Answer 2

1. HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin)
   - choriocarcinoma
2. AFP (alpha fetoprotein)
   - endodermal sinus tumors
3. PLAP (placenta-like alkaline phosphatase)
   - germ cell tumors, particularly germinomas

Question 3

MESENCHYMAL TUMOR MARKERS (5)

Answer 3

• MYOGENIC TUMORS
• FIBROHISTIOCYTIC TUMORS
• VASCULAR TUMORS
• MELANOMAS
• LYMPHOMAS

Question 4

MESENCHYMAL TUMOR MARKERS

1. (+) actin, desmin and/or myo-D1, myoglobin, myogenin
2. (+) Factor VII-related antigen, CD31 and Ulex europaeus 1
3. (+) S100 protein, melanosome (HMB-45), Melan-A (MART-1)

Answer 4

1. Myogenic tumors
2. Vascular tumors
3. Melanomas

Question 5

MESENCHYMAL TUMOR MARKERS

Fibrohistiocytic tumors

1. positive in malignant:
   - _____ or _______
   - ______
2. positive in undifferentiated

Answer 5

1. positive in malignant:
   - CD68 / FAM 56 with alpha-1-antitrypsin
   - alpha-1-antichymotrypsin
2. vimentin

Question 6

MESENCHYMAL TUMOR MARKERS

Lymphomas

1. positive in what antigen
2. T cells
3. B cells antigen
4. Reed-Sternberg cells

Answer 6

1. Leukocyte common antigen
2. CD3, CD4, CD5
3. CD19, CD20, CD23
4. CD15, CD30, Ig LC and HC

Question 7

_____: increased expression is associated with greater aggressiveness &higher likelihood of recurrence of metastasis

1. 2 types

Answer 7

Cell Proliferation Markers

1.
- Ki-67 (MIB-1)
- PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen)

Question 8

crossword
1. (+)chromogranin, (-) keratin
2. indicative of neuronal/ neuroendocrine
differentiation
3. skeletal muscle malignancy,(+) desmin
4. used in microwave antigen retrieval with a
pH of 8 or 10
5. cells that produce hCG

Answer 8

1. paraganglioma
2. neurofilament
3. rhabdomyosarcoma
4. tris EDTA
5. syncytiotrophoblast

Question 9

crossword
1. positive in teratomas
2. CNS glial cell that expresses GFAP
3. type of antigen retrieval that provides more
consistent antigen recovery
4. type of antibody derived from several plasma
cell lineages
5. expresses CD15 and CD30

Answer 9

1. alpha fetoprotein
2. astrocyte
3. pressure cooker
4. polyclonal
5. reed stenberg

Question 10

crossword
1. highly sensitive marker for epithelial cells
2. (+)actin, desmin, myoglobin
3. enzyme for proteolytic digestion
4. always positive in Schwanommas
5. technique in producing monoclonal
antibodies

Answer 10

1. KERATIN
2. MYOGENIC TUMOR
3. PROTEASE
4. VIMENTIN
5. HYBRIDOMA