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Eos 110 > Marine Food Webs > Flashcards

Marine Food Webs Flashcards

1
Q

What is phyotplakton’s roles in Marine Ecosystems?

A

Primary PRoducers

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2
Q

What are the most abundant phytoplankton?

A

Diatoms

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3
Q

what two forms to diatoms come in?

A

Centric and Pennate

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4
Q

What form of diatoms are bilaterally symmetric?

A

pennate

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5
Q

what is the outer covering of diatoms called and what is it made of?

A

Frustule made of opal (silica)

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6
Q

what are the heaviest phytoplankton and how does this effect their distribution?

A

diatoms are the heaviest and occur in upwelling regions because it allows them to remain in euphotic zone

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7
Q

where are pennate diatoms normally found?

A

bottom of very very shallow waters (intertidal, shallow beaches), most abundant in coastal waters

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8
Q

what phytoplankton phyla can vertically migrate?

A

dinoflagellates

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9
Q

what two kinds of phytoplankton have flagella?

A

coccolithophores and dinoflagellates

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10
Q

what is the outer covering of dinoflagellates called and what is is made of?

A

theca: made of cellulose plates

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11
Q

why are dinoflagellates unique from other phytoplankton?

A

can be carnivorous as well as photosynthesize.

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12
Q

direct impact of dinoflagellates on humans?

A

Harmful Algae Blooms/Red Tides. Some species release toxins.

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13
Q

Where are coccolithophorids most commonly found

A

in tropical/ subtropical waters?

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14
Q

what are coccolithophorids outer shells made of and what are they called?

A

calcium carbonate, coccoliths

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15
Q

what phytoplankton can be used in sediment data to determine ocean climates ?

A

coccolithophorids

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16
Q

How to you identify and count phytoplankton?

A

collection with bottles or nets and use an inverted light microscope, fluorometer

17
Q

How do you measure primary productivity?

A

Use bottles of ocean water with known amounts of radioactively labelled CO2. turn over. OR. Mimic light regimes with bottles water

18
Q

what is compensation depth

A

depth where photosynthesis=respiration

19
Q

what are 2 families of Jellies?

A

Cnidarians: stinging (nemocysts)
Ctenophores: sticky (colloblasts)

20
Q

2 families of molluscs

A

pteropods and gymnosperms

21
Q

what is the pteropods shell made of?

A

calcium cabonate

22
Q

how do pteropods feed

A

mucus web

23
Q

what is biggest difference between pteropods and gymnosperms?

A

gymnosperms have no shell and feed exclusively on pteropods

24
Q

What is the most abundant zooplankton

A

copepods

25
Q

what zooplankton vertically migrate?

A

copepods

26
Q

what zooplankton can be parastic?

A

copepods and krill

27
Q

What are euphausilids?

A

krill

28
Q

what makes kril unique from other zooplankton

A

mutliyear life cycles

1-5 years

29
Q

when do zooplankton migrate the the surface?

A

at night to feed and avoid predation from fish

Eos 110 (7 decks)

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