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Fleet Marine Force > Marine Corps History, Rank Structure, And Courtesis Fundamentals > Flashcards

Marine Corps History, Rank Structure, And Courtesis Fundamentals Flashcards

1
Q

1775

A
  • 10 November 1775 USMC was createdin Philadelphia, Pennsylvania at Tun Tavern.
  • 1st Commandant of MC was CAPT SAMUEL NICHOLAS (Two Battalions)
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2
Q

The First Battle of Fallujah

A

4 April 2004

  • Operation Vigilant Resolve
  • Unsuccessful attempt to capture city of Fallujah, Iraq.
  • (1stBN/5thMR) attacked Industrial Center
  • (2ndBN/1stM) pushed South through NW Urban District
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3
Q

Robert Bush

Hospital Apprentice 1st Class

A

Medal of Honor - 2 May 1945 - Battle of Okinawa

-Administered Blood Plasma to a wounded Marine Officer with ONE HAND and RETURNED FIRE with OTHER HAND

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4
Q

The battle of Tarawa

A

20 November 1943

  • Objective: Tarawa Atoll and Betio Island
  • Japanese Commander “One million Americans, 100 years”
  • Marines secured Island in 76 hours
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5
Q

Jason Dunham

Corporal

A

Medal of Honor - Iraq - 14 April 2004

  • Led Combined Anti-Armored Team towards an engagement in HUSBAYAH, IRAQ.
  • Jumped on grenade and protected his Marines from blast
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6
Q

Dan Daly

A

Two Medals of Honor - Sgt Major

1-Chinese Boxer Rebellion
2-First Caco War-Haiti

-When his unit was pinned down during Battle of Belleau Wood:
GySgt Daly yelled to his men: “come on you son of a bit he’s, do you want to live forever?”

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7
Q

1868

A
  • Eagle, Globe, and Anchor was adopted.
  • Globe/Anchor (Worldwide Services & Sea Traditions)
  • Eagle (Symbol of Nation itself)
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8
Q

1834

A

USMC organized under DON

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9
Q

When you do not salute?

A
  • While working indoors
  • As a prisoner or when guarding prisoners
  • under battle conditions
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10
Q

Battle of Hue City

A

January 1968

  • During Holiday of TET, Communist Forces launched surprised attack to major population in Hue City.
  • Marines fought in built-up areas for 1st time since Korean War. Fighting was House to House.
  • City was secured on 25 February 1968
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11
Q

1933

A
  • MC reorganized into the Fleet Marine Force.

- MC equipment board established at Quantico, Virginia

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12
Q

Dakota Meyer

Corporal

A

Medal of Honor - 8 September 2009 - Gangjal village, Kunar Province, Afghanistan

  • Maintained security at patrol rally point and got AMBUSHED
  • Took exposed Gunner’s position in a Gun-Truck and made several trips to evacuate US/Afghan DEAD AND WOUNDED
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13
Q

2003

A

20 March - 1 May 2003

  • Invasion of Iraq
  • Led by US alongside UK, AUSTRALIA, POLAND
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14
Q

Robert Ingram

Petty Officer

A

Medal of Honor

  • Accompanied a point platoon when they engaged a North Vietnamese Outpost
  • Received 4 gunshot wounds (through palm of hand, 3rd bullet life-threatening) while administering medical care to wounded Marines from 1600 until SUNSET.
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15
Q

Louis “Chesty” Puller

(LT General)

A

-Chesty and Force of 32 Marines -

Famous for ability to engage rebel groups and bandits in jungles of Nicaragua and Honduran borders.

“Tiger of the Mountains”.

Marine Corps mascot - English Bulldog - named “Chesty” after Louis Puller

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16
Q

2001

A
  • 11 September 2001 - Terrorist attacks at WTC in New York
  • 7 October 2001 - Operation Enduring Freedom begun signaled by combat operations and strikes launched from US & British ships and submarines.
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17
Q

1965

A

South Vietnam

  • Conducted Large Scale Ops
  • Participated in Pacification Program to win support of locals

Dominican Republic

  • Attempted coup of local government
  • Evacuate and protect US citizens.
  • Core of multinational force that restored peace
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18
Q

Battle of Iwo Jima

A

19 February 1945

  • Largest and Bloodiest All-Marine battle in history
  • 23,300 MC casualties
  • Increased air support and bombing ops against Japanese Islands
  • ADMIRAL CHESTER NIMITZ said “Among the Americans who served on Iwo Island, UNCOMMON VALOR WAS A COMMON VIRTUE”
  • June 2007, Japan changed name IWO JIMA to IWO TO
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19
Q

Discuss procedures for rendering honors during colors and national anthem

A
  1. If you are neither in formation or vehicle, face the flag and render the salute until the last note of music is sounded
  2. If no flag is near, face the music and salute
  3. If you are in formation then only salute at the command “Present Arms”
20
Q

Margaret Brewer

Brigadier General

A

11 May 1978

MC first Female General Officer

21
Q

1982

A
  • Deployed to Lebanon to restore Peace and Order

- This action displayed the Marine concept of “FORCE IN READINESS”

22
Q

The Battle of Marjah (Moshtarak)

A

February 2010 - Helmand River Valley

Marines with Afghan National Security Forces invaded:

-Strategic AGRICULTURAL HUB - NARCO-TERRORIST SAFE HAVEN

23
Q

Gregory “Pappy” Boyington

(Major)

A

Medal of Honor

  • Recognized for AERIAL DOGFIGHTS against Japanese enemy forces.
  • MC Top Ranking Flying Ace - 28 victories
24
Q

The Second Battle of Fallujah

A

7 November 2004

Operation Al Fajr (“The dawn”)

  • Major Success for Iraquí Government and Coalition Forces.
  • Attack Force included 9 US-BN’s(army&marines), 6 Iraq-BN’s, Attack Aviation(all services)

Operation Phantom Fury

  • Joint US-Iraqui-British Offensive led by USMC against Insurgency Stronghold in Fallujah.
  • Marines(RCT’s 1&7) were supported by Army Mechanized Infantry and Cavalry Units
25
Q

John Quick

A

1898 Cuzco Well, GTMO

  • Sgt Major
  • Earned Medal of Honor
  • Semaphored EMERGENCY LIFT of NAVAL BOMBARDMENT while under Spanish-American shellfire.
26
Q

1805

A
  • Stormed Barbary pirate’s stronghold at Burma on the Shores of Tripoli.
  • Raised the “Stars and Stripes” for the first time in Eastern Hemisphere
27
Q

Ira Hayes

Corporal

A
  • Pima Indian
  • One of Marines in second RAISING OF THE FLAG on MOUNT SURIBACHI

-Picture taken on 23 February 1945

28
Q

1900

A
  • Part of multinational Defense Force

- Defended American Legation in Peking, China during Boxer Rebellion

29
Q

Battle of Okinawa

A

1 April 1945 - 22 June 1945

  • LAST and LARGEST BATTLE of the PACIFIC ( 287,000 Troops)
  • Crucial for securing AIR BASES to be used on planned invasion of Japanese mainland
  • Japan(77,000 casualties), Allies(65, 000 casualties - 14,000 dead)
  • 23 Medals of Honor awarded
30
Q

Discuss procedures for boarding and departing a naval ship

A

Boarding a ship between 0800 and sunset

  • Salute the National Ensign
  • Salute the OOD and say “Request permission to come aboard”

Departing a ship between 0800 and sunset

  • Salute OOD and say”Permission to go ashore”
  • Salute the Ensign

For boarding and departing between sunset and 0800 do the same procedures without saluting the Ensign

31
Q

The Battle of Guadalcanal

A

7 AUGUST 1942

  • Marked the 1ST COMBAT TEST OF AMPHIBIOUS DOCTRINE
  • Provided crucial turning point in the Pacific by providing a base to launch further invasions of Japanesse-held Islands
32
Q

Opha Mae Johnson

A

13 August 1918

First MC Enlisted Female

33
Q

1859

A
  • Under command of Col. Robert Lee (US Army)

- Stormed US arsenal at Harper’s Ferry to put down attempted slave revolt led by abolitionist John Brown

34
Q

Archibald Henderson

A
  • Brigadier General
  • Became commandant in 1820. /. held command for 39 years
  • Led the Corps through Indian Wars, Opening of China, War with Mexico, disorders in Central America

-“GRAND OLD MAN OF THE MC”

35
Q

1991

A
  • Iraqi government refused to comply with UN resolutions.
  • Operation Desert Storm was Launched
  • When massive bombing failed, Marines liberated Kuwait causing severe damage to Iraqis military
36
Q

1847

A

-Occupied Halls of Montezuma during the battle of Chapultepec in Mexico City.

Mexican War. 1847- 4’7’’ tall. Mexicans are short

37
Q

1883

A

The motto of the Marine Corps “Semper Fidelis” was adopted.

188thr-i rhymes with Semper Fi

38
Q

1983

A
  • 23 October 1983
  • 1st BN - 8th Marines
  • Suicide truck bomb attacked Marine’s Barracks
  • Killed 241. Wounded 70
39
Q

Operation Strike of the Sword (Khanjar)

A

2 July 2009

  • Operation Khanjar: American-led military offensive against Taliban in Helmand Province
  • 4000 Marines-2nd MEB (1/5, 2/8, 2nd LAR BN) and 650 Afghan troops
  • Largest Marine Offensive since Battle of Fallujah
40
Q

The Battle of Mariana Islands

A

June-July 1943

  • Need for AIRFIELDS by Air Force and ADVANCED BASES by Navy
  • Mariana Islands invaded by force of 136,000 Marines and Soldiers led by GENERAL HOLLAND SMITH
  • Greatest number of troops to operate in the field under Marine command up to that time
41
Q

The Battle of Belleau Wood

A

6 June 1918. France - WWI

  • Marines crushed german offensive at Belleau Wood that threatened Paris
  • French renamed the area “The wood of The Brigade of Marines”
  • Evaluated as “Storm Troops” by Germans. Highest Rating on Enemy Fighting Scale
  • Germans nicknamed ferocious Marines “Teufelhunden” or DEVIL DOGS
42
Q

1917

A
  • Part of American Force in France
  • Awarded French Fourragere (still worn by 5th and 6th Marines)
  • Distinguished themselves in 8 district ops
43
Q

When is a hand salute rendered?

A
  • Begin your salute writhing within 6 and 30 feet away.
  • Hold salute until returned and acknowledged
  • Render salute again if conversation takes place and if senior leaves or you depart
44
Q

1912

A
  • 1st Aviation Unit established
  • First pilot was Major Alfred Cunningham
  • 1st solo flight - 01 AUG 1912
45
Q

Battle of Chosin Reservoir

A

November 1950 - Korean War

  • Marines pushed into North Korea but were cut off after Chinese Communist Forces entered war
  • 10 Div Forces sent to annihilate Marines. Marines smashed 7 Div Forces.
  • Major significance: Marines brought ALL OPERABLE EQUIPMENT, evacuated WOUNDED AND DEAD, and maintained TACTICAL INTEGRITY
46
Q

1776

A
  • 1st Marine Landing (Revolutionary War)
  • Invaded New Providence Island(Bahamas) and seized guns and supplies
  • Gained the nickname “Leatherneck” (Uniform with stiff leather stock worn around the neck)

Fleet Marine Force (10 decks)

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