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Science > Marine biology > Flashcards

Marine biology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the characteristics of a food chain?

A

What eats what and the flow of energy in the ecosystem

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2
Q

What is the difference between a producer and a consumer?

A

Producer: Gets their energy from making their own food.
Consumer: Gets their food by eating living things around them.

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3
Q

What does the arrow direction mean in a food chain?

A

They represent the flow of energy. It shows the direction the energy is going in as it goes from one organism to the other.

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4
Q

What is the difference between a carnivore, herbivore, and omnivore?

A

Carnivore- A carnivore is an organism that only eats meat/ other animals. They do not eat plants
Herbivore- A herbivore is an organism that only eats plants. They do not eat animals or meat.
Omnivore- An omnivore is an organism that eats both animals and plants.

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5
Q

Give an example of a carnivore, herbivore, and omnivore.

A

Carnivore- An example of a carnivorous animal is a Walrus
Herbivore- An example of a herbivore is the green sea turtle
Omnivore- An example of an omnivore animal is a Crab

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6
Q

What is the difference between biotic and abiotic factors?

A

Abiotic factors- Abiotic factors are a nonliving element that’s in the ecosystem.
Biotic factors- Biotic factors are organisms that are either living or once lived and are in the ecosystem

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7
Q

Give 5 examples of biotic factors

A

Animals, Plants, Fungi, Bacteria, Protist

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8
Q

Give 5 examples of abiotic factors

A

Water, Soil, Air, Sunlight, Temperature

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9
Q

Mutualism

A

Mutualism is when two organisms benefit from each other

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10
Q

what is Commensalism

A

Commensalism is when two organisms come together but only one benefits, the other has none and receives no home.

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11
Q

Parasitism

A

Parasitism is when an organism has a parasite living and clinging onto them. It can be on the outside or the inside. It does cause the host some harm but not enough to kill it.

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12
Q

Competition

A

Competition in ecology is when two organisms fight for the same resources that are in the environment and required for survival.

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13
Q

Predator

A

Predator is the organism that kills and consumes another organism for food.

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14
Q

What is Prey

A

Prey is the organism that is being consumed, killed, and eaten.

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15
Q

An example of Mutualism

A

Sea anemone and clownfish.

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16
Q

An example of Commensalism

A

Sharks and Remora fish

17
Q

An example of Parasitism

A

isopods and copepods

18
Q

An example of Competition

A

Whale and seabird fighting for krill.

19
Q

An example of Predator

A

Great white shark

20
Q

An example of Prey

A

Sea slug.

21
Q

Describe what ecologists study?

A

They look at organisms, their environment, and the behavior that the organisms do. They collect this data so they can understand the ocean better.

22
Q

What does Adaptation mean?

A

The action or process of adapting or being adapted to different things such as your environment and prey

23
Q

Three examples of adaptation

A

Bottlenose dolphin, Seaweed, Bryozoan colony.

24
Q

An example of structural

A

The tube of a worm

25
Q

An example of behavior

A

Perriwrinkles

26
Q

An example of Physiological

A

Anemone

27
Q

What is structural

A

Refers to the shape and structure of the organism which has been adapted to survive

28
Q

What is behavior

A

Refers to behaviors that an organism has adopted to suit conditions eg hunting at night instead of a day.

29
Q

What is physiological

A

Refers to the release or utilization of chemicals/toxins as a defence mechanism or as an attacking tool

30
Q

Abi study the effect of temperature on the oxygen levels in rock pools at Sorrento. What’s the independent variable?

A

Temperature

31
Q

Abi study the effect of temperature on the oxygen levels in rock pools at Sorrento. What are the dependant variables?

A

The oxygen levels in the pool

32
Q

Abi study the effect of temperature on the oxygen levels in rock pools at Sorrento. What variables does she need to control

A

The water, time of day

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