MAO NING TINUOD NA IKA TULO Flashcards
In the context of vibration analysis, what does the term ‘free vibration’ refer to?
Vibrations that only occur in multiples of the driving frequency.
Oscillation due to an external periodic force.
Damped vibration under constant load.
A system’s natural oscillations without external forces applied.
“A system’s natural oscillations without external forces applied.”
What type of response does an undamped SDOF system exhibit when subjected to harmonic excitation?
Damping ratio dominates the response.
No response at all.
Sharp resonance peak at the natural frequency.
Constant displacement without any oscillation.
“Sharp resonance peak at the natural frequency.”
In designing structures, what is a critical consideration to avoid catastrophic failure due to resonance?
Using only heavy materials for construction.
Eliminating all forms of vibration completely.
Maximizing the stiffness of all components.
Ensuring natural frequencies are out of phase with potential excitation frequencies.
“Ensuring natural frequencies are out of phase with potential excitation frequencies.”
What occurs when the frequency of the external force approaches the natural frequency of an SDOF system?
Damping is minimized and response becomes linear.
The system becomes overdamped.
The response is reduced to zero.
Resonance, leading to a large response.
“Resonance, leading to a large response.”
What characteristic defines a system with low damping when subjected to harmonic forces?
Constant amplitude regardless of frequency.
Sharp resonance with high amplitude at resonance points.
Absence of any oscillatory behavior.
Sluggish response and minimal disturbances.
“Sharp resonance with high amplitude at resonance points.”
What does the mass term in the equation of motion for harmonically excited vibrations represent?
The inertial resistance to acceleration of the system.
The rate of external force application.
The structure’s damping characteristics.
The only factor contributing to vibration.
“The inertial resistance to acceleration of the system.”
What basic equation governs the motion of a harmonically excited SDOF system?
Equation involving mass, damping, and stiffness.
An equation exclusively for external forces.
Only displacement terms.
A simplified equation without any dynamics.
“Equation involving mass, damping, and stiffness.”
What is the primary goal in managing harmonically excited vibrations in engineering systems?
To synchronize all forces acting on a structure.
To eliminate any form of external disturbance.
To ensure stability and prevent excessive oscillatory responses.
To maximize the amplitude of the response.
“To ensure stability and prevent excessive oscillatory responses.”
The amplitude of the steady-state response in an undamped system can be expressed as a function of what parameters?
Only external drag forces.
Fixed weights and gravitational acceleration.
External force frequency and natural frequency ratio.
Material properties and temperature fluctuations.
“External force frequency and natural frequency ratio.”
How does overdamping affect the behavior of a damper in an SDOF system?
It allows for rapid oscillations.
It causes excessive responses at natural frequency.
It minimizes oscillations and leads to sluggish response.
It enhances the oscillatory motion.
“It minimizes oscillations and leads to sluggish response.”
In the context of harmonically excited vibrations, what does SDOF stand for?
Standard Dynamic Operational Framework
Static-Dynamic Oscillator Function
System of Degrees of Freedom
Single-Degree-of-Freedom
“Single-Degree-of-Freedom”
Which engineering application does NOT typically involve harmonically excited vibrations?
Automotive shock absorbers.
Static structures without any moving components.
Bridges in wind conditions.
Rotating machinery.
“Static structures without any moving components.”
What is the primary characteristic of harmonically excited vibration?
It occurs only in undamped systems.
It only occurs in static structures.
It is induced by a periodic external force.
It has no engineering applications.
“It is induced by a periodic external force.”
To analyze resonance conditions, which of the following is crucial?
Natural frequency of the system.
External force amplitude.
Length of the structure.
Damping coefficient only.
“Natural frequency of the system.”
In a harmonically excited vibration scenario, what mathematical representation is used to describe the periodic external force?
The resonance frequency alone.
A function of amplitude and frequency.
A static equation without variables.
Only the amplitude.
“A function of amplitude and frequency.”
What type of vibrations are considered harmful due to potential resonance effects?
Static vibrations in buildings.
Natural oscillations without damping.
Harmonically excited vibrations in rotating machinery.
Synchronization of multiple systems.
“Harmonically excited vibrations in rotating machinery.”
What is the effect of high damping in a harmonically excited system?
Resonance is amplified.
There is no change in the amplitude.
The response amplitude is reduced and resonance is mitigated.
The system oscillates vigorously.
“The response amplitude is reduced and resonance is mitigated.”
Which type of excitation can lead to harmonic vibrations in civil structures like bridges?
Static weight distribution.
Wind and seismic activities.
Temperature changes in materials.
Curvilinear motion.
“Wind and seismic activities.”
What does the term ‘resonance’ imply in the study of vibrations?
A process that stabilizes the system response.
The system remains unaffected by external forces.
An ideal state where all vibrations are eliminated.
A condition where a system’s response becomes excessively large due to frequency matching.
“A condition where a system’s response becomes excessively large due to frequency matching.”
When analyzing a damped system, the phase angle introduced into the response formula is dependent on which factor?
The stiffness of the system.
The mass of the system.
The external force applied.
The damping ratio.
“The damping ratio.”
