finals def Flashcards
How is the response of a system to a general periodic force primarily analyzed?
a) Using statistical methods.
b) Using Fourier series decomposition.
c) Using impulse response functions.
d) Using Fourier transforms.
b) Using Fourier series decomposition.
- Which instrument is used to measure acceleration and convert it to displacement or velocity?
a) Accelerometers.
b) Displacement sensors.
c) Laser Doppler Vibrometers.
d) FFT analyzers.
a) Accelerometers.
- What type of forces are typically analyzed using Fourier transforms for spectral analysis?
a) Periodic forces.
b) Non-periodic signals.
c) Static forces.
d) Constant forces.
b) Non-periodic signals.
- What does an FFT analyzer convert time-domain vibration signals into?
a) Displacement data.
b) Frequency-domain data.
c) Velocity data.
d) Phase data.
b) Frequency-domain data.
- Which of the following is an example of passive vibration control?
a) Active vibration control (AVC).
b) Feedback control systems.
c) Damping materials.
d) Design modifications to reduce imbalance
c) Damping materials.
- Which of the following is a method used to analyze random vibrations?
a) Impulse response functions.
b) Fourier transforms only.
c) Statistical methods.
d) Tuned mass dampers.
c) Statistical methods.
- What is the primary function of tuned mass dampers in structures?
a) To increase vibration amplitude.
b) To amplify excitation frequencies.
c) To reduce sway.
d) To increase stiffness
c) To reduce sway.
- In active vibration control (AVC), what components are used to counteract vibrations?
a) Damping materials only.
b) Isolation systems only.
c) Sensors and actuators.
d) Design modifications only.
c) Sensors and actuators.
- Which application of vibration analysis is used to predict failures in motors, pumps, and turbines?
a) Structural health monitoring.
b) Machine condition monitoring.
c) Automotive industry vibrations.
d) Aerospace vibrations.
b) Machine condition monitoring.
- What is the effect of changing stiffness, damping, or mass distribution in a system?
a) It increases excitation frequencies.
b) It reduces damping materials.
c) It shifts the natural frequency.
d) It eliminates all vibrations.
c) It shifts the natural frequency.
- What is the definition of “vibration” in the context of a vibrating system?
a) Constant motion.
b) Any oscillatory motion.
c) Linear motion.
d) Rotational motion.
b) Any oscillatory motion.
- What unit is used to measure “frequency”?
a) Meters per second (m/s).
b) Newtons (N).
c) Hertz (Hz).
d) Joules (J).
c) Hertz (Hz).
- What does “amplitude” measure in a vibrating system?
a) The speed of oscillations.
b) The maximum displacement from the equilibrium position.
c) The number of oscillations per second.
d) The total energy of the system.
b) The maximum displacement from the equilibrium position.
- What is “natural frequency”?
a) The frequency of an external force.
b) The minimum frequency of oscillation.
c) The frequency at which a system naturally oscillates when disturbed.
d) The maximum frequency a system can achieve.
c) The frequency at which a system naturally oscillates when disturbed.
- What phenomenon occurs when the frequency of external forces matches the natural frequency?
a) Damping.
b) Isolation.
c) Resonance.
d) Equilibrium.
c) Resonance.
- What is a “Single Degree of Freedom (SDOF)” system?
a) A complex system with multiple motions.
b) A simplified model with one independent motion.
c) A system with no motion.
d) A system with random motion.
b) A simplified model with one independent motion.
- What does “effective stiffness” represent?
a) The maximum load the system can bear.
b) The combined stiffness of the system components.
c) The resistance to motion.
d) The energy dissipated by the system.
b) The combined stiffness of the system components.
- What are “equivalent equations”?
a) Equations with different solutions.
b) Equations with no solutions.
c) Algebraic equations having identical solutions.
d) Equations with complex solutions.
c) Algebraic equations having identical solutions.
- What does “effective mass” account for in a vibrating body?
a) The total weight of the system.
b) The applied force.
c) The inertia of the vibrating body.
d) The damping force.
c) The inertia of the vibrating body.
- What does “equivalent load” represent in the context of equivalent users?
a) The minimum load for system operation.
b) The maximum load a user can require.
c) Sum of system demands.
d) Ideal load under perfect conditions.
c) Sum of system demands.
- What does the “damping ratio” measure?
a) The energy absorbed by the system.
b) The frequency of oscillations.
c) Measure of damping relative to critical damping.
d) The amplitude of oscillations.
c) Measure of damping relative to critical damping.
- What is the “dissipation constant”?
a) A measure of stiffness.
b) A measure of mass.
c) Parameter representing energy loss in the system.
d) A measure of frequency.
c) Parameter representing energy loss in the system.
- What is “equivalent viscous damping”?
a) Increasing damping mechanisms.
b) Eliminating damping mechanisms.
c) Replacement of complex damping mechanisms with simpler models.
d) Measuring damping directly.
c) Replacement of complex damping mechanisms with simpler models.
