Manufacturing Methods Flashcards
What do you need to consider when manufacturing?
fabric, techniques used, type of machine and needle used and the end use of the item
What equipment can you use when manufacturing?
sewing machine, over locker, embellishing machine, irons, scissors, tape measures, marking tools, pins and needles
A seam is a basic ____ element of a ___ item
- structural
- textile
What are the types of seams?
- Seam
- Overlock seam
- French seam
- Flat-felled seam
- Stretch stitch seam
What is a seam finish used for?
Make a seam neater or to stop raw edges from fraying
What are the types of seam finishes?
- Pin-stitched seam finish
- Zigzag seam finish
- Overlock seam finish
- Bias-bound finish
- Topstitch seam finish
What methods are used to remove bulk from seams?
- Trimming
- Grading
- Clipping
- Notching
What can you use to add shape in a garment?
- Darts
- Tucks
- Pleats
- Gathering
- shirring
What are darts?
What are darts used for?
Darts are triangular shapes on the pattern piece that taper toa point
Used to fit the fabric to the body - usually at the bust, waistline and hips
What are tucks?
What are tucks used for?
Are stitched folds of varying widths - normally have a space between them - pin tuck = very narrow tuck
Used for decorative purposes - remove fullness in a garment
What are pleats?
What are pleats used for?
Are fold in fabric - partially stitched or held in place by waistband
Common types are inverted, box and knife pleats
Decorative purposes
What are gatherings?
What are gatherings used for?
Process of drawing up a fabric using rows of stitches
Suitable for soft, lightweight fabrics
Add fullness
What is shirring?
What is a shirring used for?
similar to gathering but with an elastic bobbin thread
Add fullness
What are the types of opening and closures?
- Zippers
- Buttons and buttonholes
- Snap fasteners
- Hook and eyes
- Velcro
What are the type of zippers?
- Conventional
- Open-ended
- Invisible
What are snap fasteners?
Press studs
What is a hem?
A finish used on the bottom edge of a textile item
Why do we use a hem?
To make the edge of an item even and not bulky
What are some types of hems?
- Slip-stitched
- Narrow
- Topstitched
- Blind
- Overlocked rolled
What are iron on, fusible and soluble materials?
- Interlining
- Interfacing
- Stabiliser
- Fusible web
- Wadding and Pellon
- Water-soluble films
What is interlining?
Material placed between the outer fabric and the lining
Creates framework of garment
Not visible
What is interfacing used for?
Used to support, shape and stabilise areas, edges and details
Used in collars, waistbands, cuffs and facings
What is a stabiliser used for?
Stabilise fabric during decorative sewing processes
- removed after decorative textile process is completed
What is fusible web?
A non-woven synthetic material that melts when heated
- fuses two fabrics together when heated
What are wadding and pellon used for?
Used as a fabric layer to add bulk
What are water-soluble films used for?
Used to make own fabric creations like lace
What does a commercial pattern consist of?
- Pattern envelope
- Guide sheet
- Tissue paper pattern pieces
Pattern markings
Define: Grainline
a line with an arrow at either end indicating where the grainline of the fabric should be parallel to
Pattern markings
Define: Cutting line
a bold line representing where to cut
Pattern markings
Define: Seamline
a broken line showing the seam allowance (1.5cm)
Pattern markings
Define: Notches
diamond-shaped symbols to accurately join pieces together
Pattern markings
Define: Circles, squares and triangles
Additional construction marking to help line up pattern pieces, start + end of stitching, and pocket and fastening positions
Pattern markings
Define: Darts
Broken line to show darts
Pattern markings
Define: Centre front and back
Clearly labelled on pattern to show centre font + back of pattern
