mandibular 2nd molars Flashcards
When do mandibular 2nd molars erupt?
11–12 years
When is root completion for mandibular 2nd molars?
14–15 years
How do the crown dimensions of mandibular 2nd molars compare to mandibular 1st molars?
The crown dimensions are smaller than those of the 1st molars
How many cusps do mandibular 2nd molars have?
Four
Does the mandibular 2nd molars have a prominent facial ridge on the mesiobuccal cusp
Yes
What are the tooth numbers for mandibular 2nd molars?
18, #31
What is the mesial outline shape of mandibular 2nd molars from the buccal view?
Nearly straight
What is the shape of the distal outline of mandibular 2nd molars from the buccal view?
Convex
How many developmental buccal grooves are on mandibular 2nd molars?
1
Where is the mesialcontact areas of mandibular 2nd molars located?
Junction of the occlusal and middle thirds
Where is the distal contact areas of mandibular 2nd molars located?
middle third
How do the cusp tips of mandibular 2nd molars compare to those of the 1st molars from the lingual view?
Sharper
How do the buccal and lingual surfaces of mandibular 2nd molars compare in width?
They are more equal in width compared to the 1st mandibular molar
How do the roots of mandibular 2nd molars compare to those of the 1st molars?
The roots are straighter than those of the 1st molar.
How do the roots of mandibular 2nd molars differ from those of the 1st molar?
They have more variations, with 2–3 root canals.
What are the characteristics of the roots of mandibular 2nd molars?
- Closer together
- Smaller
- Shorter
- Shallower depression
From the mesial view of mandibular 2nd molars, which root is visible?
Only the MB root
How does the MB root of mandibular 2nd molars compare to that of the 1st molar?
The MB root is not as broad as the 1st molar
How does the CEJ of mandibular 2nd molars compare to the 1st molars?
Less pronounced
What shape does the mandibular 2nd molar resemble from the occlusal view?
Rectangular
How do the mesiodistal (MD) and buccolingual (BL) dimensions compare in mandibular 2nd molars?
MD is larger than BL
How many equal cusps are present on the mandibular 2nd molar, and what are they?
Four equal cusps:
- MB
- DB
- ML
- DL
How many triangular ridges are present on the mandibular 2nd molar?
4
What other type of ridges can be seen on mandibular 2nd molars?
Transverse ridges
What are the three fossae present on mandibular 2nd molars?
Central fossa/pit (largest)
Mesial triangular fossa/pit
Distal triangular fossa/pit
What is the characteristic pattern of grooves on mandibular 2nd molars?
“+” pattern
Is the central groove on mandibular 2nd molars well defined?
Yes
Do the buccal and lingual grooves cross the central groove on mandibular 2nd molars?
Yes
What is a characteristic feature of mandibular 2nd molars in terms of grooves?
They have more supplemental grooves
