Managing Processes

Question 1

process

Answer 1

a running program

Question 2

init process

Answer 2

core of a linux system, runs scripts that start all of the other processes running on the system, including text consoles and GUI

Question 3

ps

Answer 3

shows all programs running on system, but by default only shows programs running on current shell

Question 4

ps -ef

Answer 4

shows every process running on the system

Question 5

UID

Answer 5

user responsible for running process

Question 6

PID

Answer 6

process ID of the process

Question 7

PPID

Answer 7

process ID of the parent process

Question 8

C

Answer 8

processor utilization over the lifetime of the process

Question 9

STIME

Answer 9

system time when the process was started

Question 10

TTY

Answer 10

the terminal device from which the process was started

Question 11

TIME

Answer 11

the cumulative CPU time required to run the process

Question 12

CMD

Answer 12

the name of the program that was started in the process

Question 13

sleeping

Answer 13

processes swapped into virtual memory, sometimes waiting for an event

Question 14

interruptable sleep mode

Answer 14

receives signals immediately

Question 15

uninterruptible sleep mode

Answer 15

the process only wakes up for an external event, such as hardware becoming available

Question 16

zombie

Answer 16

the process has ended, but the parent process hasn’t acknowledged its termination

Question 17

ps a

Answer 17

display every single process on the system associated with a TTY terminal

Question 18

pa -A or ps -e

Answer 18

display every process on the system

Question 19

ps -C

Answer 19

only display processes running a command in the command list

Question 20

ps -g

Answer 20

only display processes whose current effective group is in the GID list

Question 21

ps -G

Answer 21

only display processes whose current real group is in GIDList

Question 22

ps -N

Answer 22

display every process except selected processes

Question 23

ps p

Answer 23

only display PID list processes

Question 24

ps -r

Answer 24

only display selected processes that are in a state of running

Question 25

ps -t

Answer 25

list every process

Question 26

ps -T

Answer 26

list every process associated with the current tty terminal

Question 27

ps -u

Answer 27

only display processes whose effective user is in Userlist

Question 28

ps -U

Answer 28

only display processes whose real user is in Userlist

Question 29

ps x

Answer 29

remove restriction of "associated with a tty terminal"; typically used with the a option

Question 30

uptime

Answer 30

quick look at system load averages

Question 31

free

Answer 31

quick look at memory usage

Question 32

what is the niceness level

Answer 32

priority level assigned by the system to an application

Question 33

what is the syntax to start an application with a nondefault niceness level?

Answer 33

nice -n value command

Question 34

what can the value of a nice command be?

Answer 34

-20 to 19

Question 35

how do you change the priority of a process that's already running?

Answer 35

renice command

Question 36

what is the default syntax for the renice command

Answer 36

renice priority [-p PIDS] [-u users] [-g groups]

Question 37

what privledges do you need to set a nice value less than 0?

Answer 37

super user

Question 38

what is process signal 1

Answer 38

HUP (Hangs up)

Question 39

what is process signal 2

Answer 39

INT (interrupts)

Question 40

what is process signal 3

Answer 40

QUIT (stops running)

Question 41

what is process signal 9

Answer 41

KILL unconditionally terminates

Question 42

what is process 11

Answer 42

SEGV (segments violation)

Question 43

what is process 15

Answer 43

TERM (terminates if possible)

Question 44

what is process 17

Answer 44

STOP (stops unconditionally, but doesn't terminate)

Question 45

what is process 18

Answer 45

TSTP (stops or pauses, but continues to run in background)

Question 46

what is process 19

Answer 46

CONT (resumes execution after STOP or TSTP)

Question 47

what does the kill command do

Answer 47

sends a TERM signal to all the PIDs listed on the command line

Question 48

What do you use when using the kill utility to terminate a process?

Answer 48

PID

Question 49

what do you use when using the kill utility to terminate a background job?

Answer 49

job number

Question 50

how is kill all different from kill

Answer 50

kill all can select a process based on the command it is executing as opposed to the PID

Question 51

pkill

Answer 51

can send signals using selection criteria other than PID or commands they are running

Question 52

pgrep

Answer 52

allows you to find process ids of a program based on a given criteria