Managing CV Complications Flashcards
1
Q
Give three causes of bradycardia
A
- Drugs e.g. opioids, alpha 2 ags
- Hypoxia
- Excessive vagal tone (caused by tracheal/laryngeal stimulation)
2
Q
Describe three ways in which you would deal with bradycardias
A
- Anticholinergics
- Ionotropes
- Pacemaker
3
Q
Give three causes of tachycardia
A
- Sympathetic stimulation
- High PaCO2
- Drugs e.g. anticholinergic and neuromuscular blocking drug
4
Q
Give three treatments of tachycardia
A
- Opioid/lidocaine
- Propranolol quinidine
- Cats = propranolol tesmolol
5
Q
Give three causes of ectopic beats
A
Circulating catecholamines due to severe organ disease
Hypoxia/hypercapnia
Anaesthetic drugs
6
Q
Give three reasons that hypotension may occur
A
- Low blood pressure
- Wrong size cuff
- Problems with transducer positioning (should be level with the heart)
7
Q
Give three treatments for Hypotension
A
Reduce volatile agent (TIVA/PIVA)
Increase intra venous fluid therapy (IVFT)
8
Q
Describe electrical alternans
A
Varibility in height of the R wave due to movement of heart in excess fluid of the pericardium = axis change