Management Y3 Flashcards
What is the IOPC?
Independent Office for Police Complaints
Who is allowed into an inner cordon?
CSM, CSI, specialists required to attend the scene (regulated access)
3Cs to consider when attending a scene
Control
Cordon
CAP
3Ps to consider when attending a scene
Photograph
Preserve
Protect
What is the scene examination strategy
How we process a scene
What is the forensic strategy
How we process exhibits
What is the body recovery strategy
How we process the body
What does the SIO do at the scene?
Sets objectives and prioritises tasks (should be challenged with reason)
5 evidence types
Direct evidence
Circumstantial evidence
Inceptive evidence
Identification evidence
Corroborative evidence
What can the forensic strategy tell us?
Eliminates suspects
Link people to scenes
clarify sequence of events
Identify unknown persons
Corroborate/discount witnesses
Considerations for a CSM at a scene
Preservation of life
Health and safety
Weather
Information/intelligence
Welfare of staff
What is the full body recovery strategy? (10 steps)
-Full sequential photography
-Recover visible trace evidence
-1:1 Tape lifts (zone off body)
-Hair combings/pluckings
-Swab hands, nail clippings
-Swab exposed skin
-Bag hands, head, feet
-Place body onto body sheet
-Remove clothing (circumstantial)
-Wrap body in sheet, place into body bag and seal
Who may attend the scene to review the body in situ?
the PATHOLOGIST
Who takes intimate swabs of the deceased?
Pathologist
What to consider when making decisions?
Value
Information
Assessment
Powers and policy
Options
Actions
Review
Summary of NDM
Gather Info
Dynamic risk assessment/H&S
Powers and policy
Options and contingency
Action and review
What are the types of search methods? (6)
Inner Spiral
Outer Spiral
Line Search
Grid Search
Quadrant/Zone Search
Point to Point Search
Who may be brought in to assist with searching?
POLSA (police search advisor)
What is the designated person police reform act 2002?
s32, chief constable able to designate anyone to carry out tasks typically done by police within certain parameters
What year is the pace act?
PACE 1984
What is SOCAP 2005
Lets designated officers execute search warrants under S8 PACE 1984
Police Reform Act 2002
Gives designated officers power to search premises after an arrest
Who is responsible for issuing warrants
High court judge or justice of peace
What is the terrorism act
Terrorism act 2000
What is the misuse of drugs act
Misuse of drugs ac 1971
What is the theft act?
Theft act 1968
What can a s8 search warrant allow?
search premises after arrest
What does s18 pace allow?
Entry and search of any property from person arrested for indictable offence if evidence is relating to offence and not subject to legal privilege
What is a premises
Any vehicle, aircraft, hovercraft
Offshore Installation
Renewable energy installation
Tent or moveable structure
What does s19 pace relate to?
Seizing evidence
What does s22 pace relate to?
Retention of evidence
What is legal privilege
Anything not relevant should be left (e.g letters)
How long after a warrant is issued should it be executed or returned?
3 months
What to do when leaving a scene after a warrant has been executed?
Opening and closing photographs
Leave copy of warrant with occupier
What can footwear experts at a scene do?
Turn intelligence into evidence
Role of footwear expert?
Provide independent expert advise on location and recovery of marks
Pre scene attendance qs- footwear
What circumstances?
Who has legitimate access?
What footwear worn?
Has anyone been arrested?
When are footwear experts NOT required?
When marks can be recovered and recorded
How to recover footprint in snow?
silicone spray then dentstone
How to recover footprint in sand?
hairspray then dentstone
How to recover footprint in mud?
Contain with barrier then dentstone
How to recover footprint in blood?
Recover whole item if possible
How to recover tyre impressions?
Best roll of tyre
Non destructive footwear techniques
High intensity light source
Photography
Destructive footwear techniques
ESLA
Gel
Powder
Recover whole item
How to recover footprint on carpet?
Cut carpet and recover
What can be used to enhance on porous surfaces?
Leuco Crystal Violet
What can be used to enhance blood?
Amido Black
What is patent
Visible
What is latent
Invisible
What is a negative impression
Contaminant lifted once dry
What is a positive impression
Contaminant laid down wet
Equipment used to enhance fingerprints
Quasar - not very portable
Crime Lite - portable and can have filters
Non porous technique for fingerprint enhancement
Superglue
What must be done first for fingerprint examinations
Visual examination and photography
Dry fingerprint enhancement techniques
superglue, powder, genetian violet, luminescent dye, light source
Wet fingerprint enhancement techniques
SPR, physical developer, modified physical developer
When can ninhydrin be used?
porous surfaces (plastered walls, paper etc)
When can amido black be used?
Used on blood (reacts with proteins)
How to fingerprint a corpse
cover with plastic sheet and portable superglue treatment
How to fingerprint a car/vehicle
Cover with gazebo and portable superglue
How long does ninhydrin take to develop?
2-3 days
How many fingerprint features are there?
6
What fingerprint powder would you use on a smooth surface?
Flake powder
How many points needed to match on a fingerprint for a confirmation?
16
What is the GRIM used for?
glass analysis
what test is used for semen
AP (Acid phosphatase)
what test is used for saliva?
Phadebas
What would you use for glass anaysis?
GRIM
What does semen fluoresce under?
UV, crime lites, (ALS)
What technique can give a false positive for semen
light sources
How to complete the AP test?
Lay paper down, spray with water, leave for 30-60 secs. Remove and spray AP.
Turns purple if positive reaction.
Does fresher or older blood react more strongly with luminol?
Older blood
What is a false positive for luminol
bleach
faeces
urine
horseradish
what specifically does luminol react with
Reacts with Iron (rust can provide reaction due to iron oxide)
