Management of people (Unit 4) Flashcards
What is recruitment
Recruitment is all about attracting applicants to apply for a job vacancy.
What are the stages of recruitment
identify a job vacancy;
carry out a job analysis;
prepare a job description;
prepare a person specification;
advertise the job;
distribute application forms.
What does it mean to identify a job vacancy
Simply to find a role in the business that needs to be filled
Why may there be a vacancy in a business
an employee is:
retiring;
going on maternity leave;
taking a career break;
going off long-term sick;
leaving for a job elsewhere.
during busier periods throughout the year more staff are needed, e.g. many retailers take on extra staff at Christmas to cope with an increase in demand.
What does it mean to carry out a job analysis
This is looking at the role of a job within an organisation, and the responsibilities and skills that will be required of an applicant.
What is a job description
A job description will give information about a job, for example:
tasks and duties;
pay;
working hours;
contract type;
holiday entitlement;
company benefits, e.g. bike to work scheme.
What is a person specification
A person specification gives information about the personal criteria required for a job, for example:
skills;
qualities;
qualifications;
experience.
These criteria can be classified as essential (an applicant has to have them) or desirable (an applicant doesn’t have to have them, but would be at an advantage if they did).
Describe the advertising the job stage of the recruitment process
An organisation will need to make applicants aware of a job either internally, within the organisation, or externally, outwith the organisation.
What are the advantages of internal recruitment
less expensive than external recruitment;
employees can be more motivated if they have a chance to be promoted;
applicant will already be known in terms of the skills and qualities that they possess;
there is no need to follow as many processes when appointing someone, e.g. induction training.
What are the disadvantages of internal recruitment
a lack of new ideas or new systems knowledge being brought in, e.g. efficiency improvements;
there may not be anyone who is right for the job;
there will still be a job vacancy to fill.
What are the advantages of external recruitment
new employees can bring in new ideas or new systems knowledge
more applicants to choose from;
there is no follow-on job vacancy to fill as the person is coming from outwith the business.
Describe the distributing application forms stage of the recruitment process
An organisation will send out application forms to all applicants who wish to apply for a job, although many organisations will increasingly ask applicants to apply online.
What are the disadvantages of external recruitment
can be expensive to advertise on job websites;
internal applicants may feel undervalued if they do not get the job;
the person is not known to the organisation and may not be the correct person for the job;
can be a more time-consuming process as there may be a more thorough process to go through.
What is selection
Selection involves choosing the correct person(s) for a job.
What are the common stages in the selection process
Every organisation will have a different selection process which may involve one or more of the following:
reading application forms, CVs and references;
shortlisting candidates;
interviewing candidates;
testing candidates;
choosing the successful candidate(s);
notifying unsuccessful candidates.
What is an application form
An application form is created by an organisation and will require an applicant to answer the questions asked by the organisation.
What is a CV
A CV is created by an applicant themself and will list information about them, such as their education, work history, and hobbies and interests.
What is a reference
A reference is written by a previous employer or teacher and will describe an applicant’s attendance, punctuality and suitability for a job.
Explain the “shortlisting candidates” stage of the selection process
After reading through all of the application forms, CVs and references, an organisation will make a list of which applicants to include in the next stage of the selection process.
What is an interview (in selection)
An interview is a meeting between a candidate and an organisation.
What are the advantages of interviewing candidates
see how a candidate copes under pressure;
ask a candidate questions regarding items on their application form or CV;
put a face to the name, and see the body language and the personality of a candidate;
candidate has an opportunity to ask any questions about a job or organisation.
What are the disadvantages of interviewing candidates
can be a time-consuming process for an organisation;
some candidates can be nervous in an interview and not perform as well as they could;
candidates might say the correct things in an interview but not be the correct person for the job.
Other than face to face how can businesses carry out interviews
Organisation may use online platforms such as Teams, Zoom or Skype to carry out interviews.
Describe thje testing candidates stage of the selection process
Testing involves assessing the skills and abilities of a candidate. This can involve testing:
attainment;
numeracy;
problem-solving;
intelligence;
fitness, e.g. to join the police you must pass a fitness test;
medical, e.g. to become a pilot you are required to pass a medical test which is carried out by a doctor or a nurse.
Describe the choosing a successful candidate stage of the selection process
An organisation will choose the most suitable candidate(s) and will organise a start date and training dates. A new employee will receive a contract of employment within 12 weeks of starting the new job which they will have to sign to say that they agree to the terms and conditions of the job.
Describe the notifying unsuccessful candidates stage of the selection process
Unsuccessful candidates will be informed of the decision and may be provided with feedback about why they weren’t offered the job or what they should look at improving for another interview or test.
What is training
Training is teaching employees new skills or updating their existing skills.
What are the advantages of training
employees will be more skilled at their jobs and will provide a higher-quality product or a higher-quality service to customers;
fewer errors will be made, resulting in less wastage;
fewer complaints and returns will be made;
a business can gain a good reputation and attract high quality staff;
employees will feel more valued if a business is seen to be investing into them.
What are the disadvantagges of training
employees may have to spend time away from their workplace;
can be a time-consuming process;
can be expensive for an organisation if it has to pay for the training;
employees may receive training and then leave for another organisation.
What are the 3 main methods of training
Induction training
On the job training
Off the job training
What is induction training
Induction training is given to new staff when they start at an organisation
What information is typically covered in induction training
company policies and procedures;
health and safety, e.g. what to do if there is a fire drill;
a tour of the business;
an introduction to key people and teams;
an introduction to their tasks and duties.
What is on the job training
On-the-job training is training which takes place within a workplace. This usually involves a less experienced employee working alongside an experienced employee.
What are the advantages of on the job training
employees are in the workplace and can continue with their work;
cheaper than off-the-job training as no courses have to be paid for;
less time-consuming than off-the-job training.
