Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Business Management > Human Resource > Flashcards

Human Resource Flashcards

1
Q

What is recruitment?

A

Recruitment is the process of finding people to work for a company

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is selection?

A

Selection refers to the methods used to choose the best or most suitable candidate for the vacancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the stages of recruitment?

A

1) Identify a job vacancy
2) Carry out a job analysis
3) Prepare a job description
4) Prepare a person specification
5) Advertise the job
6) Distribute application forms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe the identify a job vacancy stage

A

Vacancies can become available in a business when someone leaves, when someone moves job leaving their own role unfilled. These vacancies are for existing roles and are therefore easily identified.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

When identifying a job vacancy what significant factor may make it more difficult

A

If the business growing it is likely that completely new jobs will have to be carried out which makes it less clear what the vacancies are.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a job analysis?

A

This is looking at the role of a job within an organisation, and the responsibilities and skills that will be required of an applicant.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why is a job analysis important in the recruitment process?

A

A job analysis is important as it can be used to identify whether a vacancy needs to be filled or whether the tasks and duties can be redistributed to other staff.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a job description?

A

A job description is a document that states the tasks and responsibilities of the job.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What information is contained in a job description

A

A job description contains information on tasks and duties
pay
working hours
contract type
holiday entitlement
company benefits.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a person specification

A

A person specification is a document which gives information about the personal criteria required for a job such as skills qualities qualifications experience.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe the criteria in a person specification

A

criteria can be classified as essential (an applicant has to have them) or desirable (an applicant doesn’t have to have them, but would be at an advantage if they did).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe the advertising the job stage

A

An organisation will need to make applicants aware of a job either internally, within the organisation, or externally, outwith the organisation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the advantages of Internal recruitment?

A

less expensive than external recruitment

employees can be more motivated if they have a chance to be promoted

applicant will already be known in terms of the skills and qualities that they possess

there is no need to follow as many processes when appointing someone, e.g. induction training.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the disadvantages of internal recruitment?

A

a lack of new ideas or new systems knowledge being brought in, e.g. efficiency improvements

there may not be anyone who is right for the job

there will still be a job vacancy to fill.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the advantages of external recruitment?

A

new employees can bring in new ideas or new systems knowledge

more applicants to choose from;

there is no follow-on job vacancy to fill as the person is coming from outwith the business.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the disadvantages of external recruitment?

A

can be expensive to advertise on job websites

internal applicants may feel undervalued if they do not get the job

the person is not known to the organisation and may not be the correct person for the job

can be a more time-consuming process as there may be a more thorough process to go through.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Describe the sending out applications stage

A

An organisation will send out application forms to all applicants who wish to apply for a job, although many organisations will increasingly ask applicants to apply online.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Describe the selection process (stages)

A

Every organisation will have a different selection process which may involve one or more of the following:

reading application forms, CVs and references

shortlisting candidates

interviewing candidates

testing candidates

choosing the successful candidate(s)

notifying unsuccessful candidates.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is an application form?

A

An application form is created by an organisation and will require an applicant to answer the questions asked by the organisation. (These are read in the selection process)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is a CV?

A

A CV is created by an applicant themself and will list information about them, such as their education, work history, and hobbies and interests. (These are read in the selection process)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is a reference?

A

A reference is written by a previous employer or teacher and will describe an applicant’s attendance, punctuality and suitability for a job. (These are read in the selection process)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Describe the shortlisting candidates stage

A

After reading through all of the application forms, CVs and references, an organisation will make a list of which applicants to include in the next stage of the selection process.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is an interview? (in the selection process)

A

An interview is a meeting between a candidate and an organisation.

Organisation may use online platforms such as Teams, Zoom or Skype to carry out interviews.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the advantages of interviewing candidates?

A

see how a candidate copes under pressure

ask a candidate questions regarding items on their application form or CV

put a face to the name, and see the body language and the personality of a candidate

candidate has an opportunity to ask any questions about a job or organisation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What are the disadvantages of interviewing candidates?

A

can be a time-consuming process for an organisation

some candidates can be nervous in an interview and not perform as well as they could

candidates might say the correct things in an interview but not be the correct person for the job.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is the testing candidates stage of selection?

A

Testing involves assessing the skills and abilities of a candidate.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What can be tested during the testing candidates stage?

A

attainment

numeracy

problem-solving

intelligence

fitness, e.g. to join the police you must pass a fitness test

medical, e.g. to become a pilot you are required to pass a medical test which is carried out by a doctor or a nurse.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Describe the details of the choosing the successful candidate stage

A

An organisation will choose the most suitable candidate(s) and will organise a start date and training dates. A new employee will receive a contract of employment within 12 weeks of starting the new job which they will have to sign to say that they agree to the terms and conditions of the job.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is training?

A

Training is teaching employees new skills or updating their existing skills.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What are the advantages of training?

A

employees will be more skilled at their jobs and will provide a higher-quality product or a higher-quality service to customers

fewer errors will be made, resulting in less wastage

fewer complaints and returns will be made;
a business can gain a good reputation and attract high quality staff

employees will feel more valued if a business is seen to be investing into them.

31
Q

What are the disadvantages of training?

A

employees may have to spend time away from their workplace

can be a time-consuming process

can be expensive for an organisation if it has to pay for the training

employees may receive training and then leave for another organisation.

32
Q

What is induction training?

A

Induction training is given to new staff when they start at an organisation

33
Q

What may be included in induction training?

A

company policies and procedures

health and safety, e.g. what to do if there is a fire drill

a tour of the business

an introduction to key people and teams

an introduction to their tasks and duties.

34
Q

What is on the job training?

A

On-the-job training is training which takes place within a workplace. This usually involves a less experienced employee working alongside an experienced employee.

35
Q

What are the advantages of on the job training?

A

employees are in the workplace and can continue with their work

cheaper than off-the-job training as no courses have to be paid for

less time-consuming than off-the-job training.

36
Q

What are the disadvantages of on the job training?

A

employees that provide training may not be qualified instructors

employees that provide training may have picked up bad habits which will be passed on

training may be interrupted due to it taking place in the workplace.

37
Q

What is off the job training?

A

Off-the-job training is training which takes place outwith an organisation, e.g. at a training centre or college.

38
Q

What are the advantages of off the job training?

A

training is given by qualified instructors

employees can receive recognised qualifications

fewer interruptions compared to on-the-job training.

39
Q

What are the disadvantages of off the job training?

A

employees are away from the workplace which will result in lower production

more expensive than on-the-job training as courses have to be paid for, which can be expensive

can be time-consuming as some courses may last longer than a year.

40
Q

What are financial incentives?

A

Payment systems which a business may use to pay staff

41
Q

What is a salary?

A

A salary is when an employee’s annual wage is divided up into twelve equal payments which are made every month.

Teachers are usually paid this way

42
Q

Name a disadvantage and advantage of a salary

A

Allows employees to have a guaranteed monthly income.

Does not encourage employees to work harder or work longer hours.

43
Q

What is time rate?

A

Time rate is when employees are paid per hour they work.

Retail staff are usually paid in this way.

44
Q

Name an advantage and disadvantage of time rate

A

This encourages employees to work longer hours, but does not reward them for hard work.

45
Q

What is piece rate?

A

Piece rate is when employees are paid per item produced.

Employees may be paid a basic salary as well.

This payment system is usually used in factories.

This can motivate employees to produce more items, but does not always mean that they will produce items to a high standard.

46
Q

What is overtime?

A

Overtime is when employees work more than their contracted hours.

Employees may be paid double time or time and a half for example.

Overtime rates can be used when employees are working bank holidays or an organisation needs to finish an order for a customer on time.

47
Q

What is a bonus?

A

Employees are given an extra payment, or bonus, for reaching sales or production targets.

Some organisations may give employees an extra payment at Christmas as a reward.

Employees are paid their bonus on top of their existing wage.

48
Q

What is commission?

A

Employees are paid a percentage of a product’s sale value, otherwise known as commission

This is paid on top of a basic salary.

This payment system is usually used in car showrooms and call centres.

49
Q

Name at least 5 Non financial incentives which can be used by an organisation.

A
  • Offering flexible working practices
    -Allowing staff to work in teams to complete tasks.
  • Providing staff with good pay and conditions.
  • Organising regular meetings with staff.
  • Organising a works councils, which is made up of equal numbers of employees and management and allows employees to discuss work-related concerns.
  • Providing training opportunities.
  • Identifying staff who are ready for promotion.
  • Offering reward schemes, e.g. employee of the month.
  • Providing fringe benefits, e.g. company car, private health insurance, gym memberships.
50
Q

Name 3 types of flexible working practices

A

homeworking
teleworking
flexi-time
condensed hours
job share

51
Q

Define Homeworking

A

homeworking - employees work from home all the time or part of the time.

52
Q

Define teleworking

A

teleworking - employees work away from the workplace and use ICT to communicate, e.g. a sales rep.

53
Q

Define flexi-time

A

flexi-time - employees can choose their start and finishing times as long as they work their contracted hours and an organisation’s ‘core time’, which is the time at which all employees must be in the workplace, e.g. between 10 am and 2 pm.

54
Q

Define condensed hours

A

condensed hours - employees work their contracted hours but can so over 3 or 4 days instead of 5 days.

55
Q

Define Job share

A

job share - two (or more) people sharing one full-time job, e.g. one employee works mornings and another employee works afternoons.

56
Q

What reasons may cause employees to undergo industrial action?

A

pay and conditions;
working conditions, e.g. workload;
pension terms and conditions.

57
Q

Name at least 3 types of industrial action

A

Strike
Go-slow
Sit in
Work to rule
Overtime ban
boycott

58
Q

What is a strike

A

strike - employees temporarily stop working altogether;

59
Q

What is Go-slow

A

go-slow - employees complete tasks as slowly as possible

60
Q

What is Sit in

A

sit-in - employees go into the workplace but refuse to do any work;

61
Q

What is work to rule

A

work to rule - employees only carry out the duties which are included in their contract of employment;

62
Q

What is an overtime ban

A

overtime ban - employees refuse to work any more than their contracted hours;

63
Q

What is a boycott

A

boycott - employees refuse to carry out new duties or use new pieces of equipment.

64
Q

What are the consequences of industrial action

A

production may stop;

customer orders are delayed;

an increase in complaints from customers;

customers will go to competitors instead;

bad publicity;

may not attract many applicants when looking for future employees.

65
Q

What does the equality act 2010 do?

A

The Equality Act 2010 ensures that employees and customers are not discriminated against in the workplace.

ensures that all employees doing the same job with the same responsibilities receive the same pay, benefits and training opportunities no matter what characteristics they possess.

66
Q

What characteristics are protected by the equality act 2010?

A

age;
disability;
gender;
gender reassignment;
marriage and civil partnership;
pregnancy/maternity;
race;
religion;
sexual orientation.

67
Q

What does the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 do?

A

ensures that employers and employees have responsibilities for health and safety in the workplace. This covers all aspects of health and safety within the workplace.

68
Q

What are the responsibilities of the employer under the health and safety at work act 1974

A

Provide health and safety training to all employees - this can be done through induction training.

Provide protective clothing to employees if required, e.g. hi-viz vests and safety goggles.

Provide toilets and clean drinking water.

69
Q

What are the responsibilities of the employee under the health and safety at work act 1974

A

Ensure all accidents are reported and written into up with an accident report form.

Ensure that they adhere to all health and safety training.

Look after their own and others’ health and safety in the workplace, e.g. reporting any spillages or hazards.

70
Q

What is the national minimum wage act 1998

A

The National Minimum Wage Act 1998 sets the minimum hourly rate at which employees must be paid. This depends on the age of employees and usually changes every April.

71
Q

What is the minimum wage?

A

23+ £9.50
21-22 £9.18
18-20 £6.83
Under 18 £4.81
(April 2022)

72
Q

What is a human resource department?

A

A human resources department is responsible for all staffing matters and will use a variety of different technology.

73
Q

What technology may be used by the HR department?

A

databases
spreadsheets
presentation software
word processing
e-mail
videoconferencing
websites

74
Q
A

Business Management (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions