Management and Leadership Flashcards
what is the difference between a manager and a leader?
- managers control and direct the workforce
- leaders inspire and motivate the workforce
what are 3 functions of management?
- planning
- organising
- control
what are 3 characteristics of effective managers?
- hard working
- self aware
- enthusiastic
what are the 3 roles of management?
- interpersonal: hiring, firing, training, organising
- decision making:
what are 3 beliefs of theory X managers?
- employees are only motivated by money
- employees are lazy and have little ambition
- employees need to be controlled by management
what are the consequences of theory X management for the business?
- strict control of formal methods of communication
- tasks must be broken down into the simplest units
- high dependency on the decision-making of senior management
what are 3 beliefs of theory Y managers?
- working is as natural as rest or play
- employees are ambitious
- trust breeds responsibility
what are the consequences of theory Y management for the business?
- requirement of training
- promotional opportunities
- flexible working practices
what are the 3 roles of leaders?
- creating visions and aims
- empowering
- anticipating problems
what are 3 characteristics of effective leaders?
- vision
- creativity
- innovation
what is autocratic leadership?
- leaders dictate without consultation of subordinates
- insists on obedience
- high levels of supervision
what are 2 pros and 2 cons of autocratic leadership?
+ suitable in crisis
+ some employees dont want extra responsibility
- resentment
- employees may leave as they possess great potential
what is bureaucratic leadership?
- leader follows a chain of command/hierarchal system
- many guidelines and restrictions
what are 2 weaknesses of bureaucratic leadership?
- decision making is stifled by paperwork and excessive checking
- employees lose interest in their work
what is democratic leadership?
- encourage participation by employees in the decision making process
- run a business on the basis of decisions agreed among the majority
what are 2 pros and 2 cons of democratic leadership?
+ high motivation
+ new creative ideas
- long process
- leads to confusion
what is lassez-faire leadership?
- leader has minimal input/interference
- employees have considerable autonomy and decision making power within limits
what are 2 pros and 2 cons of laissez-faire leadership?
+ motivation
+ relaxed atmosphere
- bad communication
- low productivity, some employees prefer guidance
what is paternalistic leadership?
- a dominant figure decides what is best for employees
- business considers the welfare of the employees
what are 2 pros and 1 con of paternalistic leadership?
+ fast decision making
+ employee loyalty
- demotivation
explain fiedlers contingency model
- a leaders effectiveness is based on the situation with is the result of 2 factors
1. leadership style
2. situational control
explain fiedlers concept of leadership style
- high LPC: 64+, relationship motivated
- low LPC: 57-, task motivated
explain fiedlers concept of situational control
- depends on 3 factors
1. leader-member relations
2. task structure
3. leaders position power
explain wright and taylors perspective on leadership
- an individual will not perfrom a task well unless they want to do it and have the necessary ability to do it
- if an individual isnt performing well, the leader must talk to them or find out why, then find skillful ways of influencing their behaviour
