Management And Leadership

Question 1

Management by Objectives (MBO)?

Answer 1

It involves breaking down the aims and goals of an organisation into targets and objectives for divisions, departments, managers, and workers to meet. If all levels meet their targets, then the business should perform better.

Question 2

Autocratic leadership

Answer 2

The leader makes all of the decisions and does not require input from the workers. This means decision making could be fast.

Question 3

Democratic leadership

Answer 3

This leadership style encourages employees’ participation in decision-making. The leader still makes the decision but considers the workers’ opinions, making decision making slower than autocratic or laissez faire.

Question 4

McGregor’s theory X

Answer 4

Theory X suggests that managers view workers as lazy, only motivated by money, and needing constant supervision.

Question 5

McGregor’s theory Y

Answer 5

Theory Y suggests that managers view workers as self-motivated, able to work without direction, and enjoying the challenge of work.

Question 6

Fiedler’s theory

Answer 6

leaders cannot change their leadership style to suit circumstances and have traits that make them suitable for specific situations. Some leaders focus on getting the task done, while others care more about emotional engagement with their team.

Question 7

Wright and Taylor’s theory

Answer 7

Its possible to improve a leader’s performance through means such as education. Whatever the style is, managers and leaders can improve it with support

Question 8

Paternalistic leadership

Answer 8

Leader is autocratic but makes decisions in what they believe is best for the workers

Question 9

Bureaucratic leadership

Answer 9

Decisions only made if rules and procedures are followed. Decision making is slow but clear

Question 10

Laissez faire

Answer 10

Workers have full control on decision making and are trusted to work without direction