Management and Leadership

Question 1

Definitions of management and leadership

Answer 1

1. Management by objectives
2. Situational leadership
3. Contingency leadership
4. Functional management
5. Action-centred leadership
6. Transformational leadership
7. Transactional leadership

Question 2

Manager

Answer 2

A managers role is to plan, organize and coordinate work

Job roles:
* Delegate tasks - get people to do certain things
* Organise workforce
* Set and pass on objectives/ aims/ goals for the business
* Manage employee health and wellbeing

Question 3

Leadership

Answer 3

A leader’s role is to inspire and motivate others
The ability to get things done by the collective effort of others.

Job roles:
* Motivate and support employees
* Remind workforce of aims and objectives within the business
* Manage health and wellbeing

Question 4

Management by objectives

Answer 4

• Managers set objectives for employees to achieve business goals
• Relies on delegation, as employees take responsibility for achievement of objectives
• Employees have some independence to achieve objectives

Question 5

Situational Leadership

Answer 5

• Employees are followers who may/ may not have the ability and willingness to do a job
• Managers adopt different ways to get employees to do their jobs

Question 6

Contingency leadership

Answer 6

• Managers identify the type of problem and either resolve it themselves or seek employee collaboration
• Sometimes managers may need to be autocratic and instruct employees to carry out tasks; at other times they may give employees greater freedom

Question 7

Functional management

Answer 7

• Each manager manages a limited range of activities and uses their knowledge and understanding to direct employees

Question 8

Action-centred leadership

Answer 8

For every job, managers must balance three main management responsibilities:
* Achieving the task
* Managing the team
* Managing individuals

Question 9

Transformational leadership

Answer 9

Leaders who believe their job is to inspire and motivate others to work hard

Question 10

Transactional leadership

Answer 10

Leaders who believe employees have to be rewarded in order to work

Question 11

Management functions

Answer 11

1. Planning
2. Organizing
3. Coordinating
4. Controlling
5. Monitoring
6. Delegating

Question 12

Planning

Management functions

Answer 12

Involves:
- determining the business’ goals
- working out a strategy to achieve the goals
- designing a plan to implement the strategy

Question 13

Organising

Management functions

Answer 13

This is one of the main jobs of a manager and involves arranging relationships between Human Resources and other resources in order to accomplish goals

Question 14

Coordinating

Management functions

Answer 14

Closely related to organising
Having the right people in the right place , with the right skills, at the right time.
Making sure that when a job needs to be done the resources are there to ensure it happens

Question 15

Controlling

Management functions

Answer 15

Ensuring that all of the activities going on in the organisation are aimed at meeting the organisations goals.
Also about making sure that each individual resource, human or financial, is performing to the best level

Question 16

Monitoring

Management functions

Answer 16

Involves systematically checking on progress or performance.
Ensuring that once resources have been set to accomplish a goal they are actually accomplishing that goal or moving towards it.

Question 17

Delegating

Management functions

Answer 17

Involves giving someone the power and authority to carry out a task or activity on the manager’s behalf.
A manager cannot directly lead all activities and has to rely on others, such as junior managers, supervisors and team leaders, to accomplish goals under their direction.

Question 18

Leadership functions

Answer 18

1. Inspiring
2. Energising
3. Influencing Stakeholders
4. Envisioning
5. Determining best path to success

Question 19

Inspiring

Leadership functions

Answer 19

A leader will try to motivate individuals to do or feel something and to believe that all goals are achievable. Inspirational leaders set the pace of change. They have a belief in the future and try to connect individuals to show that what they are doing has a meaning.

Question 20

Energising

Leadership functions

Answer 20

Aims to give individuals the drive and will to accomplish goals. A good leader will make people feel much more able and more powerful to be able to achieve targets.
Energising leadership is all about mobilising and focusing activity and effort.

Question 21

Influencing Stakeholders

Leadership functions

Answer 21

A good leader will direct the activities of stakeholders - individuals and groups who have an interest in the business - and mobilise their support. They will try to ensure that the shareholders or owners of the organisation are rewarded for their investment by showing good profits.

Question 22

Envisioning

Leadership functions

Answer 22

One of the most important functions of a leader
Means that they are able to create an image of the future and then develop a strategy to achieve it.
They have to communicate this to others and convince them to buy in to the vision. A good leader would be able to create a clear strategy to achieve the vision.

Question 23

Determining best path

Leadership functions

Answer 23

A business’ future, or problems it may be facing, presents the leader with options. Choosing the most effective path or route is a major function of the leader. They then need to convince others to see that this is the right way forward, and in doing so get the support that they need to ensure success or solve the problem.