Management Flashcards
How do you determine if a likely stroke patient is within the tPA window?
If no evidence of hemorrhage on head CT then within 3-h time window
What is shown to benefit the outcome of spinal cord injuries and within what time range must it be given?
high-dose IV methylprednisolone
given within 8 hours
What is the best treatment for trigeminal neuralgia?
carbamazepine (Tegretol)
or phenytoin (Dilantin) or gabapentin
Name prophylactic treatments for migraines.
amitriptyline hydrochloride, propanolol, verapamil, valproate
In what situation is prophylactic management of migraines indicated?
when HA occur at least 1 to 2 times per month
What medications are used to treat an acute migraine attack?
metoclopramide hydrochloride, sumatriptan, ergotamine tartrate
When is aspirin within 48 hours of acute ischemic stroke indicated?
when due to atherosclerotic thrombosis or embolism
What is management of a patient with infective endocarditis?
IV antibiotics
no other antiplatelets or anticlotting
Reversal of warfarin?
vitamin K - takes 12-24 hours
Prothrombin complex concentrate - rapid reversal (min-hours)
Reversal of heparin?
Protamine sulfate
Treatment for homocysteinuria?
B6, folate, B12
What is riluzole used for and what is MOA?
ALS
MOA - glutamate inhibitor
What drug class is ketorolac?
NSAID
What is used for acute MS exacerbation to hasten neurologic recovery?
Glucocorticoids
What medication can prevent vasospasm 3 days after SAH?
nimodipine
What is the best management for Friedreich ataxia?
supportive, no disease-modifying therapies available
What is first line therapy for restless leg?
dopamine agonists - pramipexole
What birth defects are associated with phenytoin?
fetal hydantoin syndrome - orofacial clefts, microcephaly, nail/digit hypoplasia, cardiac defects, dysmorphic facial features
What is first-line treatment for IIH?
acetazolamide
+ furosimide if continued sx
What is the mechanism of acetazolamide?
inhibits choroid plexus carbonic anhydrase to decrease CSF production
Treatment for lithium toxicity
hydrate if >4
then hemodialysis
Treatment for acute dystonic reaction from antipsychotic.
benztropine - anticholinergic
Patients with a-fib should be treated with long-term…
anticoagulation
warfarin
Treatment for ALS?
Riluzole - glutamate inhibitor
