Localization

Question 1

What nerve root affects the ankle jerk/Achilles tendon reflex?

Answer 1

S1

Question 2

Where are the most common locations for lumbar disk herniation?

Answer 2

between 5th lumbar and first sacral - L5
and
between 4th and 5th lumbar

Question 3

Where is the infarct?
nystagmus, vertigo (fall to side of lesion), loss of pain and temp to ipsilateral face and contralateral tunk/limbs, +/- ipsilateral Horner’s syndrome

Answer 3

medullary infarction (Wallenberg syndrome)

Question 4

An occlusion of what artery would lead to Wallenberg syndrome?

Answer 4

intracranial vertebral artery

Question 5

Where is the infarct?

contralateral paralysis of the arm and leg and tongue deviation toward the lesion, contralateral loss of position sense

Answer 5

medial medullary syndrome

alternating hypoglossal hemiplegia

Question 6

Where is the infarct?

contralateral ataxia and hemiparesis of the face, trunk, limbs (ataxic hemiparesis)

Answer 6

medial mid-pontine infarction

Question 7

Where is the lesion?
loss of touch and proprioception ipsilateral, loss of motor activity ipsilateral, loss of pain and temperature contralateral

Answer 7

spinal hemisection at level of loss of touch/proprioception

Brown-Sequard syndrome

Question 8

Where is the lesion?

absent motor function and decreased pain/temp bilaterally, touch and proprioception intact

Answer 8

anterior cord syndrome

Question 9

Where is the lesion?

contralateral hemiparesis and hemianesthesia, conjugate gaze deviation toward side of lesion.

Answer 9

putaminal hemorrhage + adjacent internal capsul

Question 10

Where is the lesion?

contralateral sensory loss followed by transient hemiparesis, athetosis, or ballistic movements.

Answer 10

thalamus - lacunar stroke