Management Flashcards
Meaning of organization
Collection of people who work together and coordinate their actions to achieve a wide variety of goals and or desired future outcomes
Organizations have three common characteristics
- They each have a purpose
- They are made up of people
- Organizations group people together in some way or the other
Organizations as a system
It’s an open system which means that an organization does not exist in a vacuum but within a broader environment that interacts in the process of converting inputs into final products
Operational employees (operatives )
People who work on specific tasks but do not have supervisory role or authority over other people within the organization
Managers
They are typically categorized as top, middle, and first-line managers. They are responsible for supervising both operatives and low-level managers.
System
A set of interrelated parts that function to achieve a common purpose
what sets managers and operatives apart?
Managers are evaluated on how well the people they supervise do their jobs
Managers responsibility
operational and managerial
Ensure that their employees understand their work as well as how the achievement of their goal is related to the success of the organization
Managers levels
First level management
Middle level
Top
First line management
Responsible for supervising day to day activities of operational employees
Middle level manager
Mainly responsible for managing first-line managers and for translating goals set by the top management into goals and activities for lower-level managers to perform.
Defining management
The term management refers to the process of getting things done efficiently and effectively, through with other people
Process
The main tasks and activities that managers perform: Planning, leading, organizing and controlling
Effectively
Identifying and performing activities that are going to ensure that the organization achieves its goals and fulfills the purpose for which it exists
Efficiency
Refers to how well the tasks are done.
Task of managers
Planning
Organizing
Leading
Controlling
Planning
Analyze the current situation
Anticipate the future
Determine objectives and resources needed to achieve the organization’s goal
Leading
Aspiring and motivating others to perform necessary tasks to achieve the organizational goals
Organizing
Attracting the right people to the right jobs in the organization.
Specifying job responsibilities
Controlling
Establish performance and take action to correct any deviations
Roles of managers
Interpersonal category
Informational category
Decisional category
Interpersonal category
Figurehead
Leader
Lialson
Informational category
Monitor
Spoke person
Disseminator
Decisional category
Negotiator
Resource allocator
Entrepreneur
The 4 characteristics that have an impact on the actual activities taken by managers
1.The size of the organization
2. Whether the managers are a top, middle, or lower level manager
3. Whether the organization is a profit or non-profit organization
4. The geographical location of the organization
Activities carried by managers in based on their level
First-line managers - Leading
Middle - Leading, and organizing
Top - Organizing and Planning
How is performance measured in an organization ( controlling in a sense )
Profit
NGO
Their main focus is not making profit
Organizational location
Whether the organization is classified as a multinational, global corporation, or transnational organization, They need to be sensitive when managing in a different national culture
Decisions that need to be made when planning
What are the goals and objective
Which strategies are the most suitable
Is the vision the true reflection of the organization’s dream
Managing change
Change that will ensure that the organization exploits emerging opportunities and minimizes the effects of impending threats
Behaving responsibly
Economical
Social
Environmental
Legal
Ethical
Economical responsibility
Be profitable
Social responsibility
Contribute to the quality of life of employees
Environmental responsibility
In running the organization do not harm the ecological environment
Ethical responsibility
Be ethical, do what is right, and do no harm
Legal responsibility
Obey the law
The functional areas of the organization that are indispensable in the process of converting inputs into final products and delivering these products to employees
Operations
Marketing
Logistics
Finance
Human resource
Public relations
The importance of management
Innovation
Quality
Speed
Cost competitiveness
Innovation
Introduction of new goods and services or new business models
Speed
Separates the winners from the losers in a competitive business arena
Quality
The excellence of a good or service
Cost of competitiveness
Costs are kept low enough to enable you to realize profits and price your product at levels that are attractive to employees
6 Competencies of successful business managers
- Communication competency
- Planning and financial competency
- Teamwork competency
- Strategic action competency
- Global awareness competency
- Emotional competency and management competency
