man 336 ch 11 vocab

Question 1

group

Answer 1

collection of individuals who interact with each other such that one person’s actions have an impact on the others

Question 2

informal work groups

Answer 2

two or more individuals who are associated with one another in ways not prescribed by the formal organization

Question 3

formal work group

Answer 3

made up of managers, subordinates, or both with close associations among group members that influence the behavior of individuals in the group

Question 4

forming

Answer 4

stage when the group comes together for the first time

Question 5

storming

Answer 5

stage when participants focus less on keeping their guard up as they shed social facades, becoming more authentic and more argumentative

Question 6

norming

Answer 6

stage when participants find it easy to establish their own ground rules (or norms) and define their operating procedures and goals

Question 7

performing

Answer 7

stage when participants are not only getting the work done, but they also pay greater attention to how they are doing it

Question 8

adjourning

Answer 8

fifth and final stage later added to tuckman model

Question 9

after-action review

Answer 9

meeting conducted at the end of a project or event, where team members discuss what when right, what went wrong, and what could have been done differently; aka retrospective meeting, debriefing meeting, or post mortem

Question 10

punctuated equilibrium

Answer 10

theory that change within groups occurs in rapid, radical spurts rather than gradually over time

Question 11

cohesion

Answer 11

degree of camaraderie within the group

Question 12

similarity

Answer 12

the more similar group members are in terms of age, sex, education, skills, attitudes, values, and beliefs, the more likely the group will bond

Question 13

stability

Answer 13

the longer a group stays together, the more cohesive it becomes

Question 14

size

Answer 14

smaller groups tend to have higher levels of cohesion

Question 15

support

Answer 15

when group members receive coaching and are encouraged to support their fellow team members, group identity strengthens

Question 16

satisfaction

Answer 16

cohesion is correlated with how pleased group members are with each other’s performance, behavior, and conformity to group norms

Question 17

groupthink

Answer 17

a group pressure phenomenon that creates a tendency to avoid a critical evaluation of ideas the group favors

Question 18

social loafing

Answer 18

the tendency of individual to put in less effort when working in a group context

Question 19

collective efficacy

Answer 19

a group’s perception of its ability to successfully perform well

Question 20

process loss

Answer 20

any aspect of group interaction that inhibits group functioning

Question 21

team

Answer 21

cohesive coalition of people working together to achieve mutual goals

Question 22

production tasks

Answer 22

tasks that include actually making something such as a building, product, or marketing plan

Question 23

idea-generation tasks

Answer 23

creative tasks such as brainstorming a new direction or creating a new process

Question 24

problem-solving tasks

Answer 24

refers to coming up with plans for actions and making decisions

Question 25

task interdependence

Answer 25

the degree that team members are dependent upon one another to get information, support, or materials from other team members to be effective

Question 26

pooled interdependence

Answer 26

team members work independently and combine their efforts to create the team’s output

Question 27

sequential interdependence

Answer 27

in a team, when one person’s output becomes another person’s input

Question 28

reciprocal interdependence

Answer 28

team members work together on each stage of a task

Question 29

outcome interdependence

Answer 29

when the rewards that an individual receives depend on the performance of others

Question 30

task force

Answer 30

a type of temporary team that is asked to address a specific issue or problem until it is resolved

Question 31

product development teams

Answer 31

a team in charge of designing a new product

Question 32

cross-functional teams

Answer 32

teams that involve individuals from different parts of the organization

Question 33

virtual teams

Answer 33

teams where members are not located in the same physical place

Question 34

top management teams

Answer 34

teams appointed by the CEO and, ideally, reflect the skills and areas that the CEO considers vital for the company

Question 35

traditional manager-led teams

Answer 35

teams where the manager serves as the team leader

Question 36

self-managed teams

Answer 36

teams that manage themselves and do not report directly to a supervisor; instead, team members select their own leader, and they may even take turns in the leadership role

Question 37

empowered teams

Answer 37

teams that have the responsibility as well as the authority to achieve their goals

Question 38

norms

Answer 38

shared expectations about how things operate within a group or team

Question 39

team contract

Answer 39

agreements on established ground rules, goals, and roles