Mammary Gland, Placenta, Unbilical cord, Development

Question 1

1. Which of the following cells have a haploid chromosome number?
A. spermatogonia
B. oogonia
C. primary spermatocyte
D. primary oocyte
E. secondary spermatocyte

Answer 1

E. secondary spermatocyte

Question 2

2. Which of the following is/are characteristic of the mammary glands?

A. Each mammary gland consists of 15-20 glandular units, each having a duct that drains into the nipple region.
B. They are branched tubuloalveolar glands
C. They are modified apocrine sweat glands.
D. They secrete casein and Ca+2 via a merocrine mechanism and neutral lipids via an apocrine mechanism.
E. All of the above

Answer 2

E. All of the above

Question 3

3. The mammary gland is classified as an exocrine gland because of which one of the following characteristics?
A. Connective tissue capsule
B. Extraepithelial location
C. Association with myoepithelial cells
D. System of drainage ducts
E. Tubuloacinar secretory units

Answer 3

D. System of drainage ducts

Question 4

4. During the late stages of pregnancy, the increase in size of the breast is mainly attributed to:

A. accumulation of lymphocytes and plasma cells in the intercellular spece
B. branching of the ducts
C. hypertrophy of secretory cells and accumulation of secretory product
D. increase in the number of adipocytes
E. proliferation of the intralobular connective tissue

Answer 4

C. hypertrophy of secretory cells and accumulation of secretory product

Question 5

5. Colostrum:

A. confers passive immunity on the newborn due to the high content of antibodies produced by plasma cells located within the intralobular connective tissue
B. is released from secretory cells into the gland’s lumen after transcytosis of IgA dimer from the intralobular connective tissue
C. has a higher protein content than milk
D. is lower in lipid content than milk
E. All of the above

Answer 5

E. All of the above

Question 6

6. Consider the human term placenta and umbilical cord. Which of the following is/are TRUE?

A. Mom’s blood flows through the intervillous spaces
B. nucleated fetal RBCs are contained within capillaries within chorionic villi
C. the placenta now has only two trophoblastic cell layers (the cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast) interposed between the fetal and maternal circulation
D. the umbilical cord has two veins and a single artery
E. None of the above are true

Answer 6

A. Mom’s blood flows through the intervillous spaces

Question 7

7. Which of the following features is found in a primary placental villus but NOT in a tertiary villus?
   A. cytotrophoblast cells filling the central core of a villus
   B. blood vessels
   C. mesodermal core
   D. outer covering of syncytiotrophoblast

Answer 7

A. cytotrophoblast cells filling the central core of a villus

Question 8

8. The umbilical vein carries:
   A. deoxygenated fetal blood away from the placenta
   B. deoxygenated fetal blood to the placenta
   C. deoxygenated maternal blood away from the placenta
   D. oxygenated fetal blood away from the placenta
   E. oxygenated maternal blood to the placenta

Answer 8

D. oxygenated fetal blood away from the placenta

Question 9

9. At the time of parturition a patient reports that her “water broke”, meaning that the amniotic fluid has escaped into the vaginal canal. Assuming that the
   placenta is attached to its usual location on the posterior wall of the uterus, and that development has proceeded normally, escape of the amniotic fluid requires rupture of which of the following?

A. Amnion and chorion laeve only
B. Amnion, chorion laeve, and decidua capsularis
C. Amnion only
D. Chorion laeve only

Answer 9

B. Amnion, chorion laeve, and decidua capsularis

Question 10

10. In histological sections, decidual cells and fibrinoid are both features that are associated with the:
A. Decidua parietalis
B. Chorionic plate
C. Maternal side of the placenta
D. Umbilical cord

Answer 10

C. Maternal side of the placenta