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Reproduction > Mammary Gland Disease > Flashcards

Mammary Gland Disease Flashcards

1
Q

Which small animal has a higher prevalence of mammary neoplasia?

A

Dogs

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2
Q

What measure can be taken to stop mammary neoplasia? How effective is it?

A

Spaying - almost completely effective

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3
Q

What receptors do benign and malignant mammary tumours have in dogs? Cats?

A

Oestrogen and progesterone - Progesterone and rarely oestrogen

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4
Q

What are the risk factors for dogs to get a mammary tumour?

A

Increased age - Obesity in early life - Progestagen treatment - Having history of benign mammary tumours - Intact status

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5
Q

What does the research suggest about spaying being a preventative measure in dogs and cats?

A

Dogs - only effective before 1st, 2nd or 3rd season

Cats - only effective before first 12 months

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6
Q

What is the most common mammary tumour in cats?

A

Adenocarcinomas - multiple masses

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7
Q

What is the most common mammary tumour in dogs?

A

Fibro-adenoma

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8
Q

What are the four types of malignant carcinomas?

A

Solid - Tubular - Papillary - Anaplastic/Inflammatory

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9
Q

What are the other DDx to mammary neoplasia?

A

Mastitis - Galactostasis - Galactorrhea - Mammary hyperplasia - Skin/subcutaneous tumours

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10
Q

How can you tell the difference between mammary neoplasia and mastitis?

A

Mastitis occurs normally in post-partum bitches or after pseudopregnancy - Mastitis causes glands to become firm, swollen and painful - Mastitis causes pyrexia, depression, inappetance - Cytology and culture of mammary glands

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11
Q

How do you treat mastitis in dogs?

A

Intravenous antibiotics until resolved - Cephalosporins - Surgical drainage of mammary abscesses

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12
Q

What is Galactostasis? How is it similar to mastitis? How is it different?

A

Accumulation and stasis of milk in mammary gland in nursing bitches - Mammary glands are painful, swollen and red - Milk excretions are not infected

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13
Q

What is Galactorrhea? What causes it?

A

Lactation that isn’t associated with pregnancy or parturition - Increased prolactin stimulated by falling progesterone in late dioestrus

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14
Q

What diagnositic tests can be used to differentiate mammary neoplasia from other diseases?

A

Haematology & biochemistry - Radiography - Ultrasound - FNA

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15
Q

What is the main option for treatment of mammary neoplasia?

A

Surgical removal

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16
Q

In a bitch, if there were metastases, where would they spread first from the mammary glands to?

A

Glands 1,2 (3) to the axillary LNs - Glands 3,4,5 to the inguinal LNs

17
Q

What is the minimum treatment when surgically treating a cat for mammary neoplasia? Why?

A

Unilateral mastectomy - Risk of 66% of local recurrence if not

18
Q

What is it called when yo surgically remove one mammary gland?

A

Simple Mastectomy

Reproduction (12 decks)

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