Mammals Types Flashcards
Elephants
Order: Proboscidae (Rüsseltiere)
Family: Elephantidae
Scientific: Loxodonta Africana
M 3,2m > F 2,4m
M 5500- 6000kg
F 3800-4000 kg
Mixed feeders, prefer grazing
170kg food / 160l water per day
—> 18h/d, digesting only 40%
Home-range animal, seldom territorial with water holes
50-60 years
Gestation period 22 months
Warning signs: facing a threat,ears held forward, shaking the head with loud flaps of the ears against the body, trumpeting
Mock-charge: head high run, ears spread, trumpeting
Serious charge: head down, ears nach, minimum noise and maximum speed
Calves <1y pass under the females belly
Weaning at 2-3 years
Half adult size 12-15 years
in the 20th cows 90%, bulls 80% of full size
Bulls leave the herd around 12-15 years, associate with suitable bulls until 20-25 years before getting independent
Musth:
Elevated testosterone causes increase of aggression and sexual desire
first time around 20-25 years, weak, short-lived and unpredictable
Bulls seek actively out oestrus cows over long ranges
> 35 years full-blown musth
lasts several months
compete for mating rights
Cows first oestrus between 12-15 years
Leopard - Panthera parsus
Order:Carnivora
Family: Felidae
M>F,
M: 60 kg, 65cm
W: 32 kg, 60 cm
up to 20 years
Solitary,territorial
Extremely adapted,
Prefer wooded areas and rocky outcrops
Gestation time3,5 months
2 cubs
Remain with mother at lest a year
suckled for three month
Carnouflage: black rosettes at the back and flank,
On golden fur
Underside almost white with black spots
White- tipped tail and black markings back of their ears
—> follow me
Warning signs: fixed stare, flattening it’s body in a crouched position,
Lowering ears back, flicking tail, snarling and growling
—> backing off diagonally, don’t stare or run
If charged stand still, avoid eye contact
