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FGASA > Astronomy > Flashcards

Astronomy Flashcards

1
Q

Orion

A

Mighty Hunter
Nov.-May
BETELGEUSE red giant, right shoulder
the three kings/ Orion’s Belt :
MINTAKA, ALNIAM, ALNITAK

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2
Q

Canis Major

A

SIRIUS - brightest star

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3
Q

Scorpius

A

ANTARES - red giant

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4
Q

Gemini

A

POLLUX- orange giant
CASTOR
best seen in summer

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5
Q

Leo

A

REGULUS (little king)
DENEBOLA (Lion’s tail)
Summer and autumn

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6
Q

Taurus

A

ALDEBARAN
THE PLEIADES ( Seven Sister)

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7
Q

Galaxies

A

consists of millions of stars and interstellar material that is bound by gravitation by a central nucleus

4 visible galaxies: Milky Way, Large and Small Magellanic Cloud, Andromeda

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8
Q

Light year and Astronomical Unit

A

LIGHT YEAR
The distance that light travels in vacuum in one year.
Light travels at a speed of 300 000 km/ s

ASTRONOMICAL UNIT (AU)
The sun is 1 AU from Earth, it takes sun rays 8 minutes to reach Earth

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9
Q

Difference between stars and planets

A

STARS
produce own light
throughout the night sky
twinkle
remain same size through binoculars

PLANETS
reflect light
constant light
restricted to the Zodiac Line
revolve around the sun
look larger through binoculars

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10
Q

Solar system

A

Sun is the Center of the solar system with contains 8 planets, three dwarf planets, all their moons and other astronomical bodies
—-> bound by gravitational pull of the sun

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11
Q

Sun

A

70%hydrogen, 28% helium, 2% others
150 mio km (1AU) from Earth ( in average)
light takes 8 minutes to Earth

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12
Q

Planets in our solar system

A

Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Ceres (dwarf)
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptun
Pluto (dwarf)
Eris (dwarf)

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13
Q

Solid and gaseous planets

A

TERRESTRIAL
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars

GASEOUS / Gas giants
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptun

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14
Q

Mercury

A

smallest
no moons
terrestrial
after sunset in the west, before sunrise in the east

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15
Q

Venus

A

close to Earth
brightest object in the night sky - evening and morning star
no moons
terrestrial
only planet that rotates clockwise on it’s own axis

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16
Q

Jupiter

A

Largest planet
gas giant
over 60 moons (greatest number in solar systems)
four massive moons= Galilean Moons, at least two of them are always visible through binoculars
Visible within two hours of sunrise or sunset

17
Q

Saturn

A

gaseous planet
Second largest
ringed with belts of millions of rocks (4km wide)
Orange/red in colour

18
Q

Phases of the moon

A

waxing/ growing —> develops from new to full moon
waning/ diminishing —> decreases from full to new moon
Crescent moon—> less than half, start of fourth to end of first quater
Gibbous moon—> more than half, second and third quater

FGASA (12 decks)

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