Mamalian Tissue Flashcards
Define the word Tissue
groups of cells which are similar in structure and which preform common or related functions
what is the study of tissues called
histology
what are the 4 basic kinds of tissue?
- epithelial tissue
- connective tissue
- muscle tissue
- nervous tissue
Give 5 functions of Epithelial Tissue
• Lines inside of ducts and cavities • covers outside of an organism • protects underlying tissues from: - damage, micro-organisms, UV light and desiccation - some have excretory function
Describe the structure of the Squamous Epithelium
> picture this in your head
- THIN & closely packed -> mosaic pattern
- LARGE CENTRAL NUCLEUS
- lies on basement membrane
Location of the Squamous Epithelium
- Line blood vessels
- mouth
- oesophagus
- alveoli of lungs
- body cavities heart chambers
Function of the Squamous Epithelium
- Protects underlying tissues
- semi-permeable
- very smooth easy for transport
where can stratified epithelium be found and why
- Skin, hair, nails, pharynx, vagina, oesophagus, conjunctiva
- where the body linings have to withstand wear and tear
what does stratified epithelium look like
> picture in your head
- composed of several layers of cells
- top cells are flat and scaly
- may or may not be keratinized
what is the function of cuboidal epithelium
secretory function -> hormones, saliva, sweat, digestive juices
where can cuboidal epithelium be found?
• Glands -> thyroid, salivary, sebaceous glands, tubules in the nephron of the kidney
structure of cuboidal epithelium
- picture the tubes and epithelium lining it -
cube shape
LARGE ROUND CENTRAL NUCLEUS
location of columnar epithelium
stomach and intestines
function of columnar epithelium
- secrete mucous to keep surface moist ( makes transport of food easier )
- microvilli enlarge surface area -> absorption of digested food
structure of columnar epithelium
- long column OVAL SHAPED NUCLEUS usually at base of cell
- GOBLET CELLS
- some cells also have microvilli
structure of ciliated columnar epithelium
- columnar shape
- LARGE OVAL SHAPED NUCLEUS
- CILIA present
function of ciliated columnar epithelium
1) secrete mucous to trap dust
2) cilia moves mucus in our breathing passages
3) propels the ovum to the uterus
4) circulates cerebrospinal fluid around our brain
Give 5 functions of connective tissue
- connects, binds & supports
- tendons, ligaments
- protects and cushions organs & tissue
- insulates
- transports substances i.e. blood
what type of matrix does areolar connective tissue have
jelly like matrix
location of areolar connective tissue
under the skin
around muscles
organs
blood vessels and nerves
function of areolar connective tissue
- attached skin to underlying muscles and bones
- binds organs of the abdomen
- defends against injury
- stores fat
- forms sheaths around -> muscles, nerves, blood vessels and glands
Know that Adipose are large fat storing cells & each cell is called a adipocyte
And it’s under the skin and around organs & store fat as potential storage of energy
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