Cellular Transport

Question 1

what does hypertonic mean

Answer 1

more solute substances then water

Question 2

what does hypotonic mean

Answer 2

more water then solutes

Question 3

what does isotonic mean

Answer 3

equal amount of molecules and solvents

Question 4

what are the 2 types of movement of substances across membranes?

Answer 4

• passive transport -> no energy needed

* active transport -> energy needed

Question 5

discuss diffusion as a passive transport process

Answer 5

movement of gas, liquid or solid from a high concentration to a low concentration until equilibrium is reached

Question 6

Name some examples of diffusion in moving things (3)

Answer 6

1) water evaporating from a plants surface -> transpiration
2) O2 and CO2 diffusing from body cells into the blood -> gaseous exchange
3) Glucose being absorbed into the blood after digestion in the small intestine

Question 7

what is OSMOSIS

Answer 7

movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from a high concentration to a low concentration until equilibrium is reached

Question 8

what’s the difference between osmosis and diffusion

Answer 8

diffusion is solvent moves by concentration gradient

osmosis is when water moves by concentration gradient

Question 9

what is water potential

Answer 9

the ability of a solution to release water given its large number of free water molecules

Question 10

Name 3 examples of osmosis in living things

Answer 10

1) water moving from blood plasma to tissue fluid
2) water being absorbed by the roots of plants
3) the entry and exit of water in and out of cells

Question 11

what is plasmolysis

Answer 11

process in which cells lose water in a hypertonic solution

Question 12

what is turgor pressure

Answer 12

water pressure in a plant cell

loss of turgor pressure causes plasmolysis

Question 13

discuss facilitated transport as a passive transport process

Answer 13

process of spontaneous passive transport molecules or ions across a biological membrane via specific trans membrane integral proteins

Question 14

Discuss the Active Transport Process

Answer 14

• movement of substances against the concentration gradient
• ATP/energy is needed
• special protein carrier molecules in membrane move large molecules and ions from one side to the other

Question 15

eyo go watch some video about the contractile vacuole

Answer 15

specialized vacuole of eukaryote cells