Malignant Hyperthermia Flashcards
1
Q
malignant hyperthermia: triggering agents
A
- volatile anesthetics
- succinylcholine
2
Q
malignant hyperthermia: inheritance
A
- inherited autosomal dominant trait
- mutation in ryr1 gene: alters calcium channels, increased calcium build-up in cells
3
Q
diseases and disorders associated with malignant hyperthermia
A
- center core disease
- king denborough syndrome
- multiminicore disease
- muscular dystrophy
4
Q
high incidence areas for malignant hyperthermia
A
- Wisconsin
- Nebraska
- Michigan
- West Virginia
5
Q
how to test for malignant hyperthermia
A
- caffeine halothane contracture test: thigh muscle biopsy, 4 centers in the US, no mail in samples
- genetic testing for ryr1 gene: 2 centers in US
6
Q
malignant hyperthermia: gas machine
A
- 10L O2 for >90 seconds
- place charcoal filters
7
Q
malignant hyperthermia: signs and symptoms
A
- increase in EtCO2
- muscle rigidity - especially masseter muscle
- arrhythmias
- metabolic-respiratory acidosis
- tachycardia
- HTN
- hypoxia
- profuse sweating, hyperthermia
8
Q
how many vials of dantrolene should each facility have?
A
36
9
Q
dantrolene dose
A
2.5 mg/kg
10
Q
dantrolene max dose
A
10 mg/kg
11
Q
dantrolene reconstitution
A
20 mg of dantrolene in 60 mL of sterile water
12
Q
malignant hyperthermia: post care
A
- ICU for 36 hours
- 1 mg/kg of dantrolene every 6 hours
13
Q
dantrolene: mechanism of action
A
-inhibits calcium release
