Malignant Hyperthermia

Question 1

What is the primary treatment for malignant hyperthermia?

Answer 1

Dantrolene sodium

Question 2

True or False: Malignant hyperthermia is a rare, life-threatening condition triggered by certain drugs used during anesthesia.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What is the mechanism of action of dantrolene sodium in treating malignant hyperthermia?

Answer 3

It inhibits calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 4

What is the recommended dose of dantrolene sodium for treating malignant hyperthermia?

Answer 4

2.5 mg/kg

Question 5

What is the initial step in the treatment of malignant hyperthermia?

Answer 5

Stop administration of triggering agents

Question 6

What is the role of cooling measures in the treatment of malignant hyperthermia?

Answer 6

To prevent further heat production

Question 7

What is the purpose of administering intravenous fluids in the treatment of malignant hyperthermia?

Answer 7

To maintain adequate hydration and electrolyte balance

Question 8

What is the importance of continuous monitoring of vital signs during treatment of malignant hyperthermia?

Answer 8

To detect and manage any complications promptly

Question 9

What is the potential complication of malignant hyperthermia if not treated promptly?

Answer 9

Rhabdomyolysis

Question 10

What is the significance of genetic testing for malignant hyperthermia susceptibility?

Answer 10

To identify individuals at risk before anesthesia

Question 11

What is the role of the Malignant Hyperthermia Association of the United States (MHAUS) in the management of malignant hyperthermia?

Answer 11

To provide resources and support for patients and healthcare providers

Question 12

What is the main goal of treatment in malignant hyperthermia?

Answer 12

To rapidly reverse the hypermetabolic state and stabilize the patient

Question 13

What is the recommended treatment approach for managing malignant hyperthermia crisis?

Answer 13

Administer dantrolene sodium, cool the patient, and provide supportive care

Question 14

What is the potential consequence of delayed treatment of malignant hyperthermia?

Answer 14

Increased risk of morbidity and mortality

Question 15

What is the primary cause of malignant hyperthermia?

Answer 15

A genetic mutation in the ryanodine receptor gene

Question 16

What is the role of the healthcare team in the management of malignant hyperthermia?

Answer 16

Collaborate to provide prompt and effective treatment

Question 17

What is the significance of a thorough patient history in the context of malignant hyperthermia?

Answer 17

To identify potential triggers and risk factors

Question 18

What is the recommended approach for prevention of malignant hyperthermia in susceptible individuals?

Answer 18

Avoid triggers such as certain anesthetics and succinylcholine

Question 19

What is the importance of educating patients and families about malignant hyperthermia?

Answer 19

To raise awareness and prompt early recognition of symptoms

Question 20

What is the role of muscle biopsy in diagnosing malignant hyperthermia susceptibility?

Answer 20

To confirm genetic predisposition in uncertain cases

Question 21

What is the significance of rapid intervention in malignant hyperthermia?

Answer 21

To prevent severe complications and organ damage

Question 22

What is the recommended follow-up care for patients who have experienced malignant hyperthermia?

Answer 22

Genetic counseling and avoidance of triggering agents in future anesthesia

Question 23

What is the primary focus of nursing care for a patient with malignant hyperthermia?

Answer 23

Monitoring vital signs and assisting with cooling measures

Question 24

What is the expected outcome of prompt and appropriate treatment of malignant hyperthermia?

Answer 24

Full recovery without long-term sequelae