Malignant Hyperthermia Flashcards
What is the primary treatment for malignant hyperthermia?
Dantrolene sodium
True or False: Malignant hyperthermia is a rare, life-threatening condition triggered by certain drugs used during anesthesia.
True
What is the mechanism of action of dantrolene sodium in treating malignant hyperthermia?
It inhibits calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
What is the recommended dose of dantrolene sodium for treating malignant hyperthermia?
2.5 mg/kg
What is the initial step in the treatment of malignant hyperthermia?
Stop administration of triggering agents
What is the role of cooling measures in the treatment of malignant hyperthermia?
To prevent further heat production
What is the purpose of administering intravenous fluids in the treatment of malignant hyperthermia?
To maintain adequate hydration and electrolyte balance
What is the importance of continuous monitoring of vital signs during treatment of malignant hyperthermia?
To detect and manage any complications promptly
What is the potential complication of malignant hyperthermia if not treated promptly?
Rhabdomyolysis
What is the significance of genetic testing for malignant hyperthermia susceptibility?
To identify individuals at risk before anesthesia
What is the role of the Malignant Hyperthermia Association of the United States (MHAUS) in the management of malignant hyperthermia?
To provide resources and support for patients and healthcare providers
What is the main goal of treatment in malignant hyperthermia?
To rapidly reverse the hypermetabolic state and stabilize the patient
What is the recommended treatment approach for managing malignant hyperthermia crisis?
Administer dantrolene sodium, cool the patient, and provide supportive care
What is the potential consequence of delayed treatment of malignant hyperthermia?
Increased risk of morbidity and mortality
What is the primary cause of malignant hyperthermia?
A genetic mutation in the ryanodine receptor gene
What is the role of the healthcare team in the management of malignant hyperthermia?
Collaborate to provide prompt and effective treatment
What is the significance of a thorough patient history in the context of malignant hyperthermia?
To identify potential triggers and risk factors
What is the recommended approach for prevention of malignant hyperthermia in susceptible individuals?
Avoid triggers such as certain anesthetics and succinylcholine
What is the importance of educating patients and families about malignant hyperthermia?
To raise awareness and prompt early recognition of symptoms
What is the role of muscle biopsy in diagnosing malignant hyperthermia susceptibility?
To confirm genetic predisposition in uncertain cases
What is the significance of rapid intervention in malignant hyperthermia?
To prevent severe complications and organ damage
What is the recommended follow-up care for patients who have experienced malignant hyperthermia?
Genetic counseling and avoidance of triggering agents in future anesthesia
What is the primary focus of nursing care for a patient with malignant hyperthermia?
Monitoring vital signs and assisting with cooling measures
What is the expected outcome of prompt and appropriate treatment of malignant hyperthermia?
Full recovery without long-term sequelae
