Malignant Disease

Question 1

What does a carcinoma in situ mean?

Answer 1

Malignancy that is contained within the basement membrane

Question 2

What are the 2 types of Carcinoma in situ?

Answer 2

Lobular (LCIS)

Ductal (DCIS)

Question 3

What is the most common non invasive breast malignancy?

Answer 3

DCIS

Question 4

What non invasive malignancy carries a higher risk of developing into an invasive tumour ?

Answer 4

LCIS

However both are considered pre-malignant lesions

Question 5

How are non-invasive malignancies usually discovered ?

Answer 5

Imaging

Very rarely symptomatic at presentation

Question 6

What is the most common cancer in the western world?

Answer 6

Breast cancer

Question 7

What are the 2 main types of invasive breast cancer?

Answer 7

Invasive Ductal carcinoma

Invasive Lobular carcinoma

Question 8

In what quadrant of the breast is the most common place to find a breast cancer?

Answer 8

Superior lateral quadrant

Question 9

Clinical features of invasive breast cancers?

Answer 9

Inversion of nipple

Discharge of nipple

Mastalgia

Breast lump - hard and irregular and fixed

Palpable lymph nodes in Axilla

Question 10

What should each breast cancer be checked for before treatment ?

Answer 10

ER, PR, HER2 receptor status

Allows targeted therapies

Question 11

What age group are eligible for breast screening in the NHS?

Answer 11

50-70yrs

Once every 3 years for a mammogram

Question 12

Most common site of mets from breast cancer

Answer 12

Liver

Lung

Bone

Brain

Adrenal