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Opath 2 Midterms > Malignant Bone Tumors Of The Jaw > Flashcards

Malignant Bone Tumors Of The Jaw Flashcards

1
Q

Benign bone tumors

A

Osteoblastoma
Osteoma
Osteochondroma

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2
Q

Malignant bone tumor

A

Osteosarcoma
Chondrosarcoma

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3
Q

Signs and symptoms of malignancy in the jaw

A

Paresthesia
Pain
Tooth mobility
Tooth resorption
Rapid growth
Acquired malocclusion
Radiographic changes
Uniformly widened PD membrane space
Ill-defined lesion

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4
Q

Unilateral coronoid hyperplasia

A

Osteochondroma

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5
Q

Benign neoplasm forming a bony projection with a cartilagenous cap, with continuity between the marrow cavity of the tumor and underlying bone

A

Osteochondroma

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6
Q

Painless, facial asymmetry, trismus, TMJ dysfunction

A

Osteochondroma

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7
Q

Localization: coronoid process, mandibular condyle

Onset at puberty

A

Osteochondroma

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8
Q

Benign cartilagenous tumor of unknown cause. Rarely seen

Appears as painless, slowly progressive swelling

A

Chondroma

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9
Q

Chondroma that airses in the maxillary region usually found in?

A

Anterior region, where cartilaginous remnants of development are located

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10
Q

Location of mandibular chondromas

A

Body and symphysis area. Coronoid process and condyle

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11
Q

Equal gender predilection

Majority of tumors appear before age of 50

A

Chondroma

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12
Q

Irregular radiolucent. Foci of calcification within the radiolucent lesion

A

Chondroma

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13
Q

__ pharyngeal arch does meckel’s cartilage originate

A

First

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14
Q

A cartilage that forms in the embryonic development of lower jaw

A

Meckel’s cartilage

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15
Q

Well defined lobules of mature hyaline cartilage

Contains single regular nuclei

A

Chondroma

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16
Q

exhibits a heterogeneous pattern with cytologically
atypical and irregularly spaced chondrocytes.

A

Chondrosaroma

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17
Q

Treatment of chondroma

A

Surgical excision

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18
Q

3rd most common bone malignancy after myeloma and osteosarcoma

A

Chondrosarcoma

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19
Q

30 - 60 yo with 75% in men.

1% occur in skeleton

A

Chondrosarcoma

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20
Q

60% occur in maxillofacial region and 40% in mandible

A

Chondrosarcoma

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21
Q

Mandibular chondrosarcoma occus most often in

A

Premolar and molar region

Symphysis and coronoid process

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22
Q

Maxillary chondrosarcoma occurs in

A

Lateral incisor - canine region

Palate

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23
Q

No gender predilection

60yo

A

Chondrosarcoma

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24
Q

Common signs: painless swelling, bone expansion - loosening of teeth or dentures, pain, visual disturbances, nasal signs and headache

A

Chondrosarcoma

25
Q

Moth-eaten radiolucencies that are solitary or multilocular to diffusely opaque lesions

Localized widening of the PDL space

A

Chondrosarcoma

26
Q

Preferred method to image chondrosarcoma

A

computed tomography

27
Q

DD of chondrosarcoma

A

Chondroma

Chondroblastic variant of osteosarcoma

Chondromyxoid fibroma

28
Q

Have a lobular achitecture

Increased number if chondrocytes

A

Grade 1 - well differentiated chondrosarcoma

29
Q

Enlarged chondrocyte nuclei displaying occasional mitotic figures.

Increased cellularity at the periphery of the cartilaginous lobules

A

Grade 2 - intermediate chondrosarcoma

30
Q

Markedly cellular, often with a spindle cell component.

Mitotic figures may be numerous

A

Grade 3 - poorly differentiated

31
Q

5 year Survival rate and metastasis in chondrosarcoma

A

GRADE 1 - 78%; 4%
GRADE 2 - 53%; 10%
GRADE 3 - 22%; 70% - metastasis in lungs

32
Q

Most common primary bone tumor (5%)

A

Osteosarcoma

33
Q

Exits in other bone disease: paget’s disease, fibrous dysplasia, multiple osteochondromas, osteomyelitis, osteogenesis imperfecta

3-4 onset of symptoms prior to diagnosis

A

Osteosarcoma

34
Q

Etiology of osteosarcoma

Gene that may be altered -

A

p53
Rb
Amet
fos
sas
mdm2
cdk4
c-myc

35
Q

Swelling, pain, pdl invasian, tooth mobility

35 age: range from 8 to 85yo

= gender predilection

60 % Mandible > maxilla

A

Osteosarcoma

36
Q

Osteosarcoma can a,so arise in two cancer susceptibility syndromes __ and __

They sre both inherited and acquired forms of Rb

A

Hereditaryvretinoblastoma (Rb) and Li-Fraumeni syndrome

37
Q

Comon site of osteosarcoma

A

Body and angle of mandible, symphysis, ascending ramus, tmj

38
Q

Cardinal sign of malignancy

A

Paresthesia, caused by compression or infiltration of adjacent nerves by tumor

39
Q

Radiographically, early osteosarcoma shows what characteristics?

A

Localized swelling in pdl of one or two teeth (due to tumor invasion)

40
Q

Histologic subtype: when malignant cartilage predominates

A

Chondroblastic osteosarcoma

41
Q

Histologic subtype: when malignant bone and osteoid predominates

A

Osteoblastic osteosarcoma

42
Q

Histologic subtype: when spindle cells predominate

A

Fibroblastic osteosarcoma

43
Q

Rare variant, that microscopically, resembles fibrous dysplasia because of the minimally atypical spindle cell proliferation with occasional mitotic figures and bone spicules

A

Central low-grade osteosarcoma

44
Q

A useful immunohistochemistry marker to identify low grade osteosarcoma

A

CDK4 AND MDM2

45
Q

Is CDK4 and MDM2 positive in high grade osteosarcoma?

A

No

46
Q

Most common subtype of osteosarcoma

A

Chondrobastic osteosarcoma

(Maybe misdiagnosed as chondrosarcoma)

47
Q

Treatment of osteosarcoma

A

Radical surgery, chemo and radio

48
Q

Osteosarcoma that arise at the periphery of bone at the periosteal surface

Uncommon neoplasm

A

Juxtacortical osteosarcoma

49
Q

Peak incidence 39 yo

Most common: distal femoral, metaphysis

3:2 female predominance. If jaw, male

A

Parosteal osteosarcoma

50
Q

long-standing, slow-growing, swelling or palpable mass,
often accompanied by a dull, aching sensation

Attached to the external surface of bone by a broad sessile base

Radiopaque at the base than the periphery

A

Parosteal osteosarcoma

51
Q

20 yo peak incidence
2:1 male

Involve upper tibial metaphysis
Very rare

A

Periosteal osteosarcoma

52
Q

Codman’s triangle

A

Periosteal osteosarcoma

53
Q

Consistent imagine features, tumor cells producing immature osteod premative invasion, entrapment of healthy host bone

A

Osteosarcoma

54
Q

Malignant tumor with cartilaginous matrix, entrapped pre-existing bone, lack of neoplastic bone or osteoid formation

A

Chondrosarcoma

55
Q

Soft tissue mass composed off nodules of cartilage, hyaline or myxoid matrix that may calcify, few mitosis

A

Chondroma

56
Q

Pedunculated eor broad-based exostosis, cartilaginous cap with a growth plate-like architecture, continuity with underlying bone cortex and marrow

A

Osteochondroma

57
Q

Osteobladtic riming

A

Ossifying fibroma
Osteoblastoma

58
Q

Associated with gardner syndrome

A

Osteoma

Opath 2 Midterms (6 decks)

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