Male Urogenital

Question 0

rare type of malformation of the penis in which the urethra ends in an opening on the dorsum (upper aspect ) of the penis.

Answer 0

Epispadias

Question 1

Absence of one or both testes from the scrotum

Answer 1

cryptorchism

Question 2

birth defect of the urethra that involves an abnormally placed urinary meatus that opens anywhere along a line (the urethral groove) running from the tip along the ventral aspect (underside ) of the shaft to the junction of the penis and scrotum or perineum.

Answer 2

Hypospadias

Question 3

most common birth defect of the male genitalia.

Answer 3

cryptorchidism

Question 4

Second most common birth defect of male genitalia

Answer 4

hypospadias

Question 5

an abnormal enlargement of the vein draining the testicles

Answer 5

varicocele

Question 6

inflammatory arthritis of large joints including commonly the knee and the back (esp. the sacroiliac joint), inflammation of the eyes in the form of conjunctivitis or uveitis, and urethritis in men or cervicitis in women along with mucocutaneous lesions.

Answer 6

reactive arthritis/Reiter’s Syndrome

Question 7

Multinucleated giant cell, characteristic of

Answer 7

herpes simplex

Question 8

condyloma accumulata is most often caused by which strains of HPV?

Answer 8

6, 11

Question 9

occurs when the spermatic cord twists, cutting off the blood supply to the testicle

Answer 9

testicular torsion

Question 10

The most common underlying cause of testicular torsion is a congenital malformation

Answer 10

bell-clapper deformity

Question 11

What side are most varicoceles found?

Answer 11

Left

Question 12

Accumulation of fluids around a testicle caused by fluid secreted into the tunica vaginalis

Answer 12

hydrocele testis

Question 13

A hydrocele (will/will not) transilluminate and a tumor (will/will not)

Answer 13

will; will not

Question 14

most common solid malignant tumor in men between the ages of 20 and 35

Answer 14

primary testicular tumors

Question 15

What are the 4 most common classifications of testicular cancer?

Answer 15

Seminoma, embryonal carcinoma, teratoma, mixed cell types

Question 16

What is the average of dx of seminoma? Why is this significant?

Answer 16

40 yrs.; 5-10 years older than men with other germ cell tumors of the testes

Question 18

What might blood tests detect in 50% of seminoma cases?

Answer 18

PLAP (placental alkaline phosphatase)

Question 19

What is not elevated in classical seminoma?

Answer 19

serum alpha fetoprotein

Question 20

sheet like or lobular pattern of cells with fibrous stromal network

Answer 20

seminoma

Question 21

tumor cells have abundant clear to pale pink cytoplasm containing abundant glycogen with prominent nuclei that usually contain one or two large nucleoli and have prominent nuclear membranes

Answer 21

seminoma

Question 22

germ cell tumor that occurs in the ovaries and the testes

Answer 22

embryonal carcinoma

Question 23

In the testis, pure … is uncommon, and accounts for approx …% of testicular germ cell tumors. It is present as a component of almost …% mixed non-seminoma germ cell tumors

Answer 23

embryonal carcinoma; 10%; 90%

Question 24

What 2 things may be elevated in embryonal carcinoma?

Answer 24

serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and alpha fetoprotein (AFP)

Question 25

Sheets of cells are trying to form primitive tubules. The sheets, glands, and papillary structures composed of primitive epithelial cells with crowded, pleomorphic nuclei are distinctive.

Answer 25

Embryonal carcinoma

Question 26

What are the main histological features of embryonal carcinoma?

Answer 26

nuclear atypia, nucleoli prominent, nuclei overlap, mitoses common

Question 27

Encapsulated tumor with tissue or organ components resembling normal derivatives of all three germ layers

Answer 27

teratoma

Question 27

hyperplasia of prostatic stromal and epithelial cells, resulting in the formation of large, fairly discrete nodules in the periurethral region of the prostate

Answer 27

BPH

Question 28

What tissue is generally more prominent in BPH?

Answer 28

glandular

Question 29

numerous small dark blue lymphocytes are seen in the stroma between the glands

Answer 29

BPH

Question 30

95% of all cases of prostate cancer are

Answer 30

adenocarcinoma

Question 31

Approx 4% cases of prostate cancer have … and are thought to arise from …

Answer 31

transitional cell morphology; urothelial lining of the prostatic urethra

Question 32

Less than 1% of prostate cancers

Answer 32

SCC

Question 33

at high magnification, the neoplastic glands of … are still recognizable as glands, but there is no intervening stroma and the nuclei are hyperchromic

Answer 33

Prostate adenocarcinoma