male sex hormones Flashcards
androgens cause…
masculinisation
in the normal male, androgens inhibit…… and depress …..
inhibit pituitary gonadotrophin secretion
depress spermatogenesis
androgens also have anabolic action which led to the development of….
anabolic steroids
androgens are useless as a treatment of impotence and impaired spermatogenesis unless
there is associated hypogonadism, but do not give until hypogonadism has been properly investigated. treatment should be under expert supervision
when given to pt with hypopituitarism they can lead to ….
normal sexual development and potency but not to fertility
if fertility is desired, the usual treatment is with …… which will ……
gonadotrophins or pulsatile gonadotrophin-releasing hormone which will stimulate spermatogenesis as well as androgen production.
IM depot preparations of testosterone esters are preferred for….
replacement therapy
examples of testosterone esters which can be preferred for replacement therapy
Testosterone enantate, propionate or undecanoate, or alternatively Sustanon®, which consists of a mixture of testosterone esters and has a longer duration of action, may be used.
what is cyproterone acetate and what is it used for
anti-androgen used in the treatment of severe hyper sexuality and sexual deviation in the male
how does cyproterone acetate work
inhibits spermatogenesis and produces reversible infertility (but is not a male contraceptive); abnormal sperm forms are produced.
cyptoperone acetate is also licensed for use alone in pt with …
metastatic prostate cancer refractory to gonadorelin analogue therapy, and has been used as an adjunct in prostatic cancer and in the treatment of acne and hirsutism in women.
dutasteride and finasteride drug class
5a-reductase inhibitors
use of dutasteride and finasteride as alternatives to alpha blockers in ……
particularly in men with significantly larger prostate
finasteride is licensed for use with doxazosin in …
management of benign prostatic hyperplasia
1mg finasteride is also used to treat
male pattern baldness in men
activity of anabolic steroids
some androgenic activity but they cause less virilisation than androgens in women
anabolic steroids are used in the treatment of some
aplastic anaemias
androgens are contraindicated in
breast cancer in males
Hx liver tumours
hypercalaemia
prostate cancer
what to do if hypercalcaemia or hypercalciuria occurs with androgen
treat appropriately and restart treatment once normal serum calcium conc is restored
common side effects of androgens
hot flush
hypertension
polycythaemia
prostate abnormalities
skin reactions
weight gain
testosterone indicated for women for this indication …
low sexual desire in postmenopausal women (administered under expert advice)
MHRA advice topical testosterone - risk of harm to children following accidental exposure
- resulting in genital enlargement and premature puberty due to increased blood testosterone levels
- repeated accidental exposure in females may also result in facial and/or body hair growth, deepening of voice and menstrual cycle changes
- counsel pt on how to reduce this risk e.g. washing hands etc
common side effect of testosterone on lipids
hypertriglycerides
directions for administration of testosterone gel
avoid skin contact with gel application sites to prevent accidental exposure to other people esp pregnant women and children
