Male Reproductive System Flashcards
combining form meaning hidden
crypto-
combining form meaning testicle
orchid/o-
another name for male gonads
testis
suffix meaning development of production of something
-genesis
the production of spermatozoa
spermatogenesis
suffix meaning swelling
-cele
a collection of clear fluid in space between visceral and parietal layers of the tunica vaginalis
hydrocele
a cyst containg fluid and sperm that develops between the testis and the epididymis outside the tunica vaginalis
spermatocele
a dilated vein int he spermatic cord
variocele
underscended or hidden testicle
cryptorchidism
another name for bulbourethral glands
cowper glands
another name for ductus deferens
vas deferens
inflammation of the prostate gland
prostatisis
suffix meaning painful
-dynia
painful prostate
prostatodynia
fungal infection of the glans penis
balanitis
increase in size of tissue/organ dur to increase in size of the cell
hypertophy
increase in size of tissue/organ dur to increase in number of cells
hyperplasia
prefix meaning cause
eti-
suffix meaning the study of
-logy
the study of the cause of disease
etiology
meaning non-canerous
benign
condition of enlarged breasts
gynecomastia
toward the beginning
proximal
opposite of proximal
distal
a congenital abnormality of the penis where there is a urtethral opening on the dorsal surface of the penis, proximal to the glans
epispadias
a congenital abnormality of the penis where there is a urethral opening on the ventral surface of the penis
hypospadias
in reference to a disease, an abrupt onset that is expected to last a brief period of time
acute
in reference to a disease, a slower progression of a disease that is expected to last a longer period of time
chronic
where are the seminal vesicles located in relation to the prostate gland
superior and posterior
what is the sac called that holds the testes
epidiymis
the testes are located inside or outside of the body?
outside
where are the seminal vesicles located in relation to the bladder
posterior
what hormone does the testes produce
testosterone
semen consists of _____ of sperm
millions
functions of testosterone
- maturation of sperm
- promotes protein metabolism and skeletal muscle development
- develops and maintains secondarty sex characteristics
what duct runs from the bladder through the prostate
urethra
the fetal testes descend into the scrotum during the ______ trimester
third
when do the testes begin to produce sperm
at puberty
what is usually the cause of chronic prostatitis
repeated infections of e. coli
cystitis is inflammation of what structure/organ?
bladder
true or false. benign prostatic hypertrophy is a risk factor for prostate cancer
false
crhonic and acute infection of the prostate inculde which of the following?
- lower abdominal discomfort
- dysuria
- low back pain
- urinary frequrency and urgency
what are the signs and symptoms of benign prostatic hypertrophy
- recurrent urinary tract infects
- hesitancy
- dribbling
- nocturia (excessive urinatation at night)
- frequency
what part of the prostate do most cancers occurs
surface of the prostate
what are the serum markers for prostate cancer
PSA
prostate acid phosphatase
what are the two serum markers for testicular cancer
hCG
AFP
gleason’s grading system is based on the tumors _____
morphology
to which surface of the prostate gland do the seminal vesicles attach
posterior superior
most prostate cancers develop in this protion of the prostate
peripheral
most benign tumors develop in this portion of the prostate
central
what is the most common primary malignancy in males
prostate cancer
the absolute lowest level of the PSA drops after treatment for prostate cancer is referred to as the
nadir
following the completion of radiation therapy for prostate cancer, the _____ the nadir, the greater the risk of failure
higher
which lymph nodes are the first tow that prostate cancer will spread to
obturator nodes and periprostatic nodes
as men age, the PSA level _____ and the prostate______
increases, increases
the most common way to biopsy the prostate is by inserting a needle into the prostate via the _____
rectum
what type of STD is the leading cause of pelvic inflammatory disease
chlamydia
what two STDs are most likely to cause infertility
chlamydia & gonorrhea
which two STDs are most likely to cause conjectivities in newborns at birth
chlamydia & gonorrhea
viable sperm may not be able to access an ovum when
- structural abnormalities are present
- cervical mucus is highly viscous
- vaginal pH is abnormal
T/F: genital herpes is a risk factor for cervical cancer
true
