Breast Cancer Flashcards
T/F: breast tissue is also found in the axilla
True
about how many lymph nodes are in each axilla
10 - 38
bresat that have more fibrous and glandular tissue than fatty tissue
dense breast
atypical ductal hyperplasia
benign cellular proliferation in the breast ducts
atypical lobular hyperplasia
benign cellular proliferation in the breast lobules
where in the breast do most tumors develop?
upper outer quadrant
the most common presentation of early-stage breast cancer is
asymptomatic, nonpalpable mass detected as an abnormality on screening mammogram
most common physical sign of early stage breast cancer
a nonpainful mobile mass
signs of advanced breast cancer
- nipple retraction
- enlarged axillary or superaclavicular lymph nodes
- nipple discharge
- abnormal breast contour
- skin discoloration
what two locations in the breast is most likely to spread to the axillary lymph nodes
upper outer quadrant and central portion of the breast
what is the most common screen modality for breast cancer
mammography
T/F: there is evidence that radiation exposure canced by routine mammograms increases the risk for getting breast cancer
false
what is ultrasound mostly used for when imaging breast
- conjectioning with mammography in women with dense breast tissue
- to distinguish between cystic and solid masses
envolves the removal of the entire lesion
excisional biopsy
a syringe with a large gauge needle is used to collect tissue
core needle biopsy
a syringe with a small gauge needle is used to extract blood or tissue
fine needle biopsy
what is the most common type of invasive breast cancer
invasive ductual carcinoma
which type of breast cancer has a higher frequency of involving both breasts
invasive lobular carcinoma
which stage is based on all the infromation obtained before surgery to remove the tumor
clinical
which type of staging is generally considered to be more accurate in determining the extend of patient’s disease and prognosis
pathological
Y/N: do patients with triple negative breast cancner have a better prognosis that those with other breast cancer subtypes
no
Y/N: does prognosis get worse as the number of lymph nodes involved increases
yes
Y/N: is the most common stage system used for breast cancer the TNM system
yes
Y/N: in the US do white women have a higher incidence of breast cancer than black women
yes
Y/N: in the US do more black women die from breast cancer than white women
yes
Y/N: do black women have a higher risk of having negative ER, PR, and HER2 breast cancer
yes
Y/N: do breast cancer patients under the age of 35 have a better prognonsis than older women
no
the most invasive type of mastectomy
radical mastectomy
removal of breast and th level I and II lymph nodes
modified radical mastectomy
removal of the entire breast, the pectoralis major and minor muscles, and all axillary lymph nodes
radical mastectomy
removal of the breast while leaving the axillary lymph nodes in place
total mastectomy
the removal of level I and II lymph nodes in order to stage the cancer
axillary dissection
a biopsy of only those lymph nodes that are first to recieve drainage from the tumor
sentinel lymph node biopsy
a lumpectomy is an example
breast conserving surgey
a systemic therapy given before surgery
neoadjuvant therapy
use of another form of treatment in addition to the primary form of treamtent
adjuvant therapy
following lupectomy, a patient is treated with radiation therapy. raidaiton therapy is an example of
adjuvant therapy
following chemotherapy, a patient has to take tamoxifen for 5 years. the tamoxifen is an
adjuvant therapy
axillary lymph nodes recieve approximately what percentage of lymphatic drainage form the breast?
85%
