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HISTOLOGY > Male reproductive system > Flashcards

Male reproductive system Flashcards

1
Q

whats tunica albuginea made of?

A

dense fibrous tissue, with myofibroblasts

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2
Q

what seperates the testicular lobules?

A

septula testis

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3
Q

how many convulated seminiferous tubules does each testicular lobule contain?

A

1-4

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4
Q

what are the seminiferous tubules lined by?

A

lined by stratified seminiferous epithelium composed of spermatogenic and non-spermatogenic supporting cells

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5
Q

what covers the internal srfc of tunica albuginea

A

tunica vasculosa

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6
Q

what cells produces collagen and elastic fibers and contain a lot of actin filament in the testis?

A

myoid cells or contractile cells

- found in lamina propria

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7
Q

histological charachteristics of spermatogonia?

A
  • diploid cell

- sitting on basal membrane

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8
Q

types of spermatogonia and is primary spermatocyte produced?

A
  • Dark type A spermatogonia 12 um, basophilic and ovoid nucleus
  • these stem cells give rise to dark typ A and pale type A spermatogonia ( pale + abundant euchromatin)
  • testosterone induces pale TYpe A to proliferate producing more dark type A ( larger, pale, spherical nucleus)
  • these undergo mitotic divisions ( 4) and form primary spermatocyte.
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9
Q

histological charachteristics of primary spermatocyte?

A
  • large vesicle like nucleus
  • have diploid chromosome
  • 4 chromatids
  • after their crossing over they undergo their first meiotic division formin 2ndary spermatocytes.
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10
Q

histological charachteristics of 2ndary spermatocytes?

A
  • diploid amount of dna
  • haploid (2n) nr of chromosome
  • they undergo 2nd meiotic division
  • during the short interval there is no DNA synthesis
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11
Q

histological charachteristics of spermatids?

A
  • 8 um
  • halploid (1n)
  • undergo maturation process–> spermatogenesis
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12
Q

histological charachteristics of sertoli cells?

A
  • non-germinal
  • tall columnar supporting cells
  • euchomatic nucleus and one or two prominent nucleoli
  • sit on the thick basal lamina
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13
Q

how are sertoli cells in contact with the spermatogonia?

A

by their cytoplasmic processes, surrounding the spermatrogenic cells and establish desmosome-like junction with them.

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14
Q

what make up the blood testis barrier?

A
  • the sertoli cells by tight junctions, seperating into a basal compartment with the developing spermtogonia and a adluminal compartment which contain the meiotic products.
  • protect the developing germ cells
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15
Q

what can be found b/w the seminiferous tubules?

A
  • Leydig cells

- they are large, round, w/ large eccentric nucleus

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16
Q

whats rete testis?

A

when the straight seminiferous tubules approach mediasstinum and empty into anastomosing rete testis.

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17
Q

what can be found in mediastinum of testis?

A
  • sertoli cells
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18
Q

why do leydig cells appear pale?

A
  • due to their high cholesterol content and contain crystals of reinke.
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19
Q

how are the spermatids connected to each other?

A

By cytoplasmic bridges which result from incomplete cytokinesis and allow for synchronous maturation.

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20
Q

what are the tubulus rete lined by?

A

-simple columnar cells that are ciliated

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21
Q

How many efferent ducutules perforate the tunica albuginea and enter epidymis?

A

12-20

22
Q

what epithelium lines the efferent ductules?

A

ciliated tall coulmar epi

- gives a pseudostratified apparance, due the short and tall cells.

23
Q

what kind of cells are interspread the columnar cells in the efferent ductules and whats their function?

A
  • short- non ciliated cells

- they absorb fluid secreated by the semineferous tubules.

24
Q

where can we find smooth m. in epididymis?

A
  • thin circular around basement membrae externally
25
Q

what does the efferent ductules emerge into?

A
  • they emerge into a single coiled ductus epididymis
26
Q

whats histological differences b/w efferent ductules and ductus epididymis?

A
  • epidydimal duct have wider lumen, lined by columnar cells, called principal cells and short basal cells (stem cells)
27
Q

how long is the microvilli of the principal cells and whats the function?

A
  • 10-25 um
28
Q

how does the smooth m. change along the epididymis?

A

at the tail the smooth m thickens and form inner and outer longitudinal and intermediate circular layers.

29
Q

how are the ductus epididymis and efferent ductules hold together?

A

by vascular CT

30
Q

where does processus vaginalis cover the epididymis?

A

right upper surface of the section

31
Q

what are the coverings of the spermatic cord?

A
  • external spermatic fascia ( external abdominal oblique)
  • cremaseteric fasica
  • internal spermatic fascia
32
Q

whats the content of spermatic cord?

A
  • ductus deferens
  • papminiform plexus
  • genitofemoral n.
  • testicular a.
33
Q

what contributes to the formation of cremaster m?

A
  • internal oblique and transveses m.
34
Q

what can be seen in cremastereric fascia?

A
  • cremaseter a.

- loose areloar CT, investing the skelletal m.

35
Q

where does the internal spermtic fascia originate from?

A
  • form transversalis fascia
36
Q

histological charactheristics of ductus deferens?

A
  • inner mucosal layer
  • outer muscular layer surrounded by loose CT
  • Mucosa. simple columnar or pseudostratified columnar wit NON-motile microvilli, ( if a lot–> APOCRINE secreation)
  • muscularis externa: inner and outer longituinal and circular intermediate.
37
Q

muscle layer of the veins in ductusdefernes?

A

inner longitudinal and outer circular amooth m. in tunica media.

38
Q

what can be found in the fibroelastic capsule of prostate?

A
  • elastic tissue

- smooth m. fibers

39
Q

wht glands are found in prostate?

A

tubuloalveolar glands
- mucosal glands
- submucosal glands
peripheral zone–> main glands

40
Q

epithelium of the glands?

A
  • main glands: simple columnar

- mucosal and submucosal: pseudostratified

41
Q

where does prostetic duct open into and what is it lined by?

A
  • open into prosthetic urethra, lined by stratified columnar epi
42
Q

what tissue found b/w the glands?

A

dense ct

- collagen, elastic fibers, smooth muscle strands.

43
Q

prostatic uterhra lined by?

A

urothelium

44
Q

what are the prostatic concretions made of?

A

calcified glycoprotein

45
Q

what happens in the urethra in aging men?

A

ct stroma, summucosal and mucosal glands proliferate which will narrow the lumen of the urethra resulting in difficulties with urination.

46
Q

wall of seminal vesicle?

A
  • inner mucosal
  • middle muscular
  • outer ct layer
47
Q

mucosa lined by?

A

epi: simple columanr,

- lipofuscin granules and secretory vacuoles on apical part

48
Q

what does the cells in seminal vesicle secreate?

A
  • prostaglandins
  • endorphin
  • transferrin
  • lactoferrin
49
Q

lamina propria of seminal vesicle?

A

long branching rideges

50
Q

muscularis externa of seminal vesicle?

A
  • inner circular

- outer longitudinal

HISTOLOGY (11 decks)

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