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Biology 30 - Reproduction > Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

Male Reproductive System Flashcards

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1
Q

What are all the structures that make up the male reproductive system? (5)

A 
Penis
Testes/Testicles
Epididymis
Vas Deferens
Male Glands
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2
Q

What are the two functions of the penis?

A

Excretion and reproduction

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3
Q

How long is the male urethra?

A

20cm long

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4
Q

What kind of muscle makes up the urethra?

A

Smooth muscle

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5
Q

Draw out the penis!

A

Done

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6
Q

What are the parts of the penis? (6)

A 
Corpus cavernosum
Urethra
Corpus spongiosum
Arteries
Veins
Nerves
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7
Q

What is the corpus cavernosum?

A

Erectile tissue (contains most of the blood during erection)

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8
Q

What does the corpus spongiosum accomplish during an erection?

A

Keeps the urethral open

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9
Q

Where are the arteries, veins and nerves located on the penis?

A

Underneath

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10
Q

During an erection how many times more blood enters the penis than leaves?

A

7x

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11
Q

What do the capillary bed sphincters do during an erection?

A

Relax and allow blood to flow in

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12
Q

What does it mean to have a glans penis?

A

The end of the penis is bulbous.

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13
Q

What is the purpose of a glans penis?

A

Used to remove other male penis from the woman’s body.

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14
Q

What do guard sperm do?

A

Tangle up other men’s sperm

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15
Q

What is a teste?

A

The male gonad

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16
Q

Define scrotum

A

A fleshy sac that holds the the testicles

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17
Q

What is the main function of the testicles

A

To produce sperm

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18
Q

Why are the testicles located outside of the body?

A

Sperm is produced best at 2 degrees cooler than body temperature

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19
Q

If the testicles are cold how do they bring themselves closer to the body?

A

The scrotum has ligaments attached to the inner wall that is able to pull in the testicles

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20
Q

What is a negative result of having the testicles at the wrong temperature?

A

Misshapen sperm

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21
Q

Where are the seminiferous tubules found?

A

In the testicles

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22
Q

Describe the seminiferous tubules

A

Very small
Delicate
250 m long

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23
Q

What is the outside layer of cells in the seminiferous tubules?

A

Spermatogonia (primary spomatocytes)

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24
Q

When Spermatogonia divide, what are its daughter cells called?

A

Secondary spomatocytes

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25
Q

When secondary spomatocytes divide what are their daughter cells called?

A

Spermatids

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26
Q

What does each spermatid become?

A

A sperm

27
Q

Are primary spermatocytes haploid or diploid?

A

Diploid

28
Q

Are spermatids haploid or diploid?

A

Haploid

29
Q

Define diploid

A

Normal chromosome count of a cell

30
Q

Define haploid

A

Half the number of chromosomes in a normal cell

31
Q

What are the nurse cells in the seminiferous tubules called?

A

Sertoli cells

32
Q

What do the interstitial cells of leydig do on the side of the seminiferous tubules?

A

Produce testosterone

33
Q

Draw the sperm

A

Done

34
Q

Is sperm haploid or diploid?

A

Haploid

35
Q

What is on the tip of the head of the sperm?

A

Acrosome

36
Q

What is an acrosome?

A

An enzyme that eats away at the outer wall of the egg cell

37
Q

What is all around the head of the sperm?

A

Binding sites

38
Q

What are in the mid piece of the sperm?

A

Mitochondria

39
Q

What is the tail of the sperm called?

A

A flagella

40
Q

How many sperm are produced by a man daily?

A

300 million

41
Q

How long does it take sperm to grow?

A

9 weeks

42
Q

How long does it take for sperm to mature?

A

7 weeks

43
Q

Where do sperm mature?

A

Epididymus

44
Q

Where is the epididymus located?

A

On the side of the testicle (one per testicle)

45
Q

What does the inside of the epididymus look like?

A

Full of tubules

46
Q

What happens to malformed sperm in the epididymus?

A

Immune system kills them off

47
Q

Where do the sperm start to move their “tails”?

A

The epididymus

48
Q

Describe the vas deferens

A

Very slender tubule a tad greater in diameter than a human hair

49
Q

How can damage to the vas deferens effect sperm?

A

Limit the amount of sperm that passes through

50
Q

What does the vas deferens connect to?

A

The epididymus and the urethra

51
Q

What is the connection between the vas deferens and the urethra called?

A

Ejaculatory duct

52
Q

Where is the prostate gland located?

A

Wrapped around the urethra close to the bladder

53
Q

What is a vasectomy?

A

Cutting the vas deferens stopping sperm from moving into the urethra

54
Q

What supports the testicles

A

Hangs from blood vessels and the vas deferens

55
Q

What is it called when the testicles twist?

A

Etortion

56
Q

What are the three men glands?

A

Cowper’s gland
Seminal vesicles
Prostate

57
Q

What do the male sex glands do when the male is sexually aroused?

A

Produce fluid

58
Q

What gland produces the most fluid?

A

Prostate gland

59
Q

What does the fluid from the Cowper’s gland do?

A

Lubricates and cleans out anything in the urethra as well as neutralizing any acid

60
Q

What is found in the fluid from the seminal vesicles and what are their purposes? (3)

A
  • fructose (sugar for energy for sperm)
  • sodium bicarbonate (baking soda to neutralize acidity in the vagina)
  • mucus (for the sperm to move around in)
61
Q

Describe the prostate gland

A

Muscular outer wall

Spongy inside

62
Q

How does the fluid move from the prostate to the urethra?

A

Spongy cells hold the fluid and the muscular wall contracts moving everything into the urethra

63
Q

What are all the fluids from the glands together called?

A

Semen

Biology 30 - Reproduction (6 decks)

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