Male Reproductive System

Question 1

What causes Genetic Diversity

Answer 1

New gene combinations

Question 2

What does genetic diversity provide

Answer 2

The basis for the evolution of species and natural selection

Question 3

What is the name of the primary reproductive organs

Answer 3

The gonads

Question 4

What are the gonads in males and females

Answer 4

Males: Testes
Females: Ovaries

Question 5

What are the reproductive cells

Answer 5

Males: Sperm
Females: Ova

Question 6

What are the sex hormones

Answer 6

Testosterone, estrogen and progesterone

Question 7

What is puberty

Answer 7

The point where reproduction is possible

Question 8

What happens in the male reproductive system

Answer 8

Presence of testostrone and sertoli cell inhibin negatively feeds back to hypothalamus

Question 9

What happens in the female reproductive system

Answer 9

At the beginning of a menstrual cycle, estrogen stimulates LH secretion, whereas, after ovulation, estrogen and progesterone inhibit the pituitary and hypothalamus

Question 10

What are some secondary sex characteristics

Answer 10

• Development of hair
• Maturation of internal and external genitalia
• Increase in shoulder width and muscle mass
• Voice - larynx enlarges, vocal cords thicken and lengthen
• Skin - sebaceous gland secretion thickens and increases
• Mental - Increased aggression, sex drive
• Distribution of fat in breasts and buttocks

Question 11

Prepuce (foreskin)

Answer 11

Serves a protective function

Question 12

Glans

Answer 12

Expanded tip of the penis

Question 13

Corpus Cavernosa

Answer 13

Erectile tissues, fills with blood producing an erection

Question 14

Corpus Spongiosa

Answer 14

Soft erectile tissue

Question 15

Urethra

Answer 15

Carries sperm and urine but never at the same time

Question 16

Erection

Answer 16

When arteries are dilated and veins are constricted, blood tends to accumulate

Question 17

Seminal Vesicle

Answer 17

Sacs under the bladder that secrete fructose (food for sperm) & prostaglandins

Question 18

What do prostaglandins do

Answer 18

Stimulates uterine contractions which help sperm move up the uterus to the fallopian tubes and make up 60% of seminal fluid

Question 19

Ureter

Answer 19

Transports urine from kidney to bladder

Question 20

Bladder

Answer 20

Stores urine

Question 21

Ejaculatory Duct

Answer 21

Connects vas deferens to the urethra

Question 22

Vas Deferens

Answer 22

Tube that carries sperm from testes to the urethra

Question 23

Scrotum

Answer 23

Sac that contains testis - made up of elastic skin allowing for temperature regulation by raising or lowering relative to the body

Question 24

When does sperm develop best

Answer 24

At 2 degrees celsius lower than regular body temp

Question 25

Cowpers Gland

Answer 25

Secrete mucous for lubrication before ejaculation - may contain enough sperm for impregnation

Question 26

Prostate gland

Answer 26

Produces a milky white alkaline substance to protect the sperm against the acidic environment of the urethra and vagina

Question 27

Testis

Answer 27

Production of sperm and testosterone - each contains 250m of twisting seminiferous tubules - site of sperm production

Question 28

Epididymis

Answer 28

Coiled tube attached to the outer edge of the testis - where sperm complete development

Question 29

What is spermatogenesis

Answer 29

The formation of sperm

Question 30

When does spermatogenesis begin and end

Answer 30

Puberty and continues til death

Question 31

Where does spermatogenesis occur

Answer 31

Occurs in the seminiferous tubules - as maturation continues, sperm cells move to the lumen, then to the epididymis for final maturation

Question 32

Sertoli (Nurse) Cells

Answer 32

In the seminiferous tubules nourish the sperm as they mature

Question 33

What stimulates sperm production

Answer 33

FSH and Testostrone

Question 34

What produces testostrone

Answer 34

The interstitial cells of Leydig

Question 35

What stimulates testostrone

Answer 35

LH

Question 36

Acrosome

Answer 36

Contains enzymes to penetrate the egg

Question 37

Nucleus

Answer 37

Contains DNA

Question 38

Mitochondria

Answer 38

Contained in the mid-piece - provides energy for whipping motion

Question 39

Tail

Answer 39

Contails centriole for structure of flagellum

Question 40

Semen

Answer 40

Includes sperm and secretions from supportive fluids for nourishment and protection against acidic vagina

Question 41

What is a vasectomy

Answer 41

Involves the snipping or tying of the vas deferens preventing sperm from entering the ejaculate

Question 42

If testicles don't descend what happens

Answer 42

Viable sperm do not develop

Question 43

Who is testicular cancer primarily found in and how can it be treated

Answer 43

Young male, Removal of one testicle

Question 44

Who are prostate problems generally found in and what does it lead to

Answer 44

Older males, enlargement leads to urinary problems