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histo > male reproductive system > Flashcards

male reproductive system Flashcards

1
Q

what are the components of the male reproductive system?

A

testes, excretory genital ducts, accessory glands, and penis

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2
Q

where does production of spermatozoa occur?

A

testes

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3
Q

what is production of spermatozoa defined as?

A

spermatogenesis. both mitosis and meiosis.

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4
Q

what makes up semen?

A

spermatozoa and secretions of accessory glands (seminal fluid)

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5
Q

what surrounds the testes?

A

dense CT capsule called tunica albuginea

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6
Q

what is the inner part of tunica albuginea called? what is it like?

A

tunica vasculosa, loose CT highly vascularized

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7
Q

thickenening of posterior side of tunica albuginea forms what?

A

mediastinum testis

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8
Q

Leydig cells secrete what?

A

testosterone

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9
Q

structure of seminiferous tubules?

A

linked by short straight tubule to rete testis. efferent ductules connect rete testis to epidiymis.

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10
Q

what is rete testis?

A

a labrynith of channels embedded in mediastinum testis

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11
Q

what type of cells cover basement membrane of seminiferous tubules?

A

myoid cells, flattened smooth muscle like cells

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12
Q

what do myoid cells do?

A

allow for weak contractions of tubule

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13
Q

what is germinal epithelium?

A

spermatogenic epithelium that lines each seminiferous tubule. specialized stratified epithelium.

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14
Q

what cells exist in germinal epithelium?

A

sertoli cells and spermatogenic cells

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15
Q

sertoli cells

A

form blood-testis barrier to prevent autoimmune attack, etc. produce androgen binding protein, PHAGOCYTIC CELL. releases NON MOTILE spermatozoa once mature.

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16
Q

what does androgen binding protein do?

A

concentrates testosterone

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17
Q

spermatogenic cells

A

involves both mitosis and meiosis in spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis. replication and differentiation into mature sperm

18
Q

spermiogenesis

A

final physical differentiation process of sperm. no cell division!!

19
Q

testosterone

A

steroid hormone that promotes sperm production and development of secondary male sex characteristics. cytoplasm of cells appears bubbly!

20
Q

what surrounds seminiferous tubules?

A

interstitial tissue. sparse CT containing fenestrated capillaries.

21
Q

excretory genital duct?

A

transports sperm from testes to penis

22
Q

what occurs to sperm during passage through epididymis?

A

acquire mobility while maturing.

23
Q

what type of epithelium lines excretory genital ducts?

A

pseudostratified columnar epithelium with long stereocilia. PRINICIPAL CELLS and a few BASAL STEM CELLS

24
Q

what do principal cells secrete?

A

glycolipids and glycoproteins.

25
Q

what do principal cells absorb?

A

most of remaining fluid and other debris

26
Q

what is epithelium of vas deferens?

A

pseudostratified columnar epithelium with sparse stereocilia including lamina propria with many elastic fibers. MUCOSA.

27
Q

what does muscularis of vas deferens contain?

A

very thick smooth muscle

28
Q

mucosa of seminal vesicles?

A

psuedostratified columnar epithelium

29
Q

what does fluid of seminal vesicles contain?

A

fructose, prostaglandins, fibrinogen

30
Q

fructose in seminal fluid is what?

A

main metabolic substrate for sperm

31
Q

what kind of epithelium lines tubuloaveolar glands of prostate gland?

A

simple cuboidal or columnar to psuedostratified columnar epithelium

32
Q

what does prostate gland produce?

A

PSA, PAP, fibrinolysin

33
Q

what is PSA?

A

prostatic specific antigen. a serine protease that helps liquefy coagulated semen (for slow release of sperm) after ejaculation

34
Q

what is used as a marker for screening in prostate cancer?

A

PSA

35
Q

what is corpora amylacea and where can it be found?

A

prostatic concretions. calcified secretory material around cell fragments. increases in age. exists in prostate gland.

36
Q

what type of epithelium lines bulbourethral glands?

A

mucuous secreting simple columnar epithelium

37
Q

what is the corpora cavernosa?

A

two dorsal masses of erectile tissue

38
Q

what is corpus spongiosum?

A

one ventral mass of erectile tissue surrounding urethra

39
Q

what surrounds the copora cavernosa of the penis?

A

tunica albuginea

40
Q

what is tunica albuginea?

A

a dense fibroelastic layer

histo (7 decks)

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