male reproductive system

Question 1

what are the components of the male reproductive system?

Answer 1

testes, excretory genital ducts, accessory glands, and penis

Question 2

where does production of spermatozoa occur?

Answer 2

testes

Question 3

what is production of spermatozoa defined as?

Answer 3

spermatogenesis. both mitosis and meiosis.

Question 4

what makes up semen?

Answer 4

spermatozoa and secretions of accessory glands (seminal fluid)

Question 5

what surrounds the testes?

Answer 5

dense CT capsule called tunica albuginea

Question 6

what is the inner part of tunica albuginea called? what is it like?

Answer 6

tunica vasculosa, loose CT highly vascularized

Question 7

thickenening of posterior side of tunica albuginea forms what?

Answer 7

mediastinum testis

Question 8

Leydig cells secrete what?

Answer 8

testosterone

Question 9

structure of seminiferous tubules?

Answer 9

linked by short straight tubule to rete testis. efferent ductules connect rete testis to epidiymis.

Question 10

what is rete testis?

Answer 10

a labrynith of channels embedded in mediastinum testis

Question 11

what type of cells cover basement membrane of seminiferous tubules?

Answer 11

myoid cells, flattened smooth muscle like cells

Question 12

what do myoid cells do?

Answer 12

allow for weak contractions of tubule

Question 13

what is germinal epithelium?

Answer 13

spermatogenic epithelium that lines each seminiferous tubule. specialized stratified epithelium.

Question 14

what cells exist in germinal epithelium?

Answer 14

sertoli cells and spermatogenic cells

Question 15

sertoli cells

Answer 15

form blood-testis barrier to prevent autoimmune attack, etc. produce androgen binding protein, PHAGOCYTIC CELL. releases NON MOTILE spermatozoa once mature.

Question 16

what does androgen binding protein do?

Answer 16

concentrates testosterone

Question 17

spermatogenic cells

Answer 17

involves both mitosis and meiosis in spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis. replication and differentiation into mature sperm

Question 18

spermiogenesis

Answer 18

final physical differentiation process of sperm. no cell division!!

Question 19

testosterone

Answer 19

steroid hormone that promotes sperm production and development of secondary male sex characteristics. cytoplasm of cells appears bubbly!

Question 20

what surrounds seminiferous tubules?

Answer 20

interstitial tissue. sparse CT containing fenestrated capillaries.

Question 21

excretory genital duct?

Answer 21

transports sperm from testes to penis

Question 22

what occurs to sperm during passage through epididymis?

Answer 22

acquire mobility while maturing.

Question 23

what type of epithelium lines excretory genital ducts?

Answer 23

pseudostratified columnar epithelium with long stereocilia. PRINICIPAL CELLS and a few BASAL STEM CELLS

Question 24

what do principal cells secrete?

Answer 24

glycolipids and glycoproteins.

Question 25

what do principal cells absorb?

Answer 25

most of remaining fluid and other debris

Question 26

what is epithelium of vas deferens?

Answer 26

pseudostratified columnar epithelium with sparse stereocilia including lamina propria with many elastic fibers. MUCOSA.

Question 27

what does muscularis of vas deferens contain?

Answer 27

very thick smooth muscle

Question 28

mucosa of seminal vesicles?

Answer 28

psuedostratified columnar epithelium

Question 29

what does fluid of seminal vesicles contain?

Answer 29

fructose, prostaglandins, fibrinogen

Question 30

fructose in seminal fluid is what?

Answer 30

main metabolic substrate for sperm

Question 31

what kind of epithelium lines tubuloaveolar glands of prostate gland?

Answer 31

simple cuboidal or columnar to psuedostratified columnar epithelium

Question 32

what does prostate gland produce?

Answer 32

PSA, PAP, fibrinolysin

Question 33

what is PSA?

Answer 33

prostatic specific antigen. a serine protease that helps liquefy coagulated semen (for slow release of sperm) after ejaculation

Question 34

what is used as a marker for screening in prostate cancer?

Answer 34

PSA

Question 35

what is corpora amylacea and where can it be found?

Answer 35

prostatic concretions. calcified secretory material around cell fragments. increases in age. exists in prostate gland.

Question 36

what type of epithelium lines bulbourethral glands?

Answer 36

mucuous secreting simple columnar epithelium

Question 37

what is the corpora cavernosa?

Answer 37

two dorsal masses of erectile tissue

Question 38

what is corpus spongiosum?

Answer 38

one ventral mass of erectile tissue surrounding urethra

Question 39

what surrounds the copora cavernosa of the penis?

Answer 39

tunica albuginea

Question 40

what is tunica albuginea?

Answer 40

a dense fibroelastic layer