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BNNS502 Nursing Science 2 Part 2 > Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

Male Reproductive System Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe the location and function of the scrotum.

A

The scrotum hangs outside the pelvic cavity at the root of the penis. It protects the testicles

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2
Q

State the specific function of the cremaster & dartos muscles

A

Cremaster: In cold conditions the cremaster muscle pulls the testes closer to the pelvic floor & warmth of the body
Dartos:

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3
Q

Define spermatogenesis

A

Spermatogenesis is the formation of sperm by meiosis. FSH and LH are the two hormones which initiate and maintain spermatogenesis

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4
Q

State the 3 functions of the Sustentacular (Sertoli) cells

A
  • Supports and provide nutrients for 70 days while the cells undergo meiosis and develop into sperm
  • Produce testicular fluid for transport of sperm
  • Control release of sperm into lumen of the seminiferous tubule
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5
Q

Describe the specific function of the acrosome?

A

Is a cap like vesicle containing enzymes to help sperm penetrate the secondary oocyte for fertilization

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6
Q

Describe the specific function of mitochondria?

A

Provides energy which the tail can use to propel the sperm though tough female reproductive tract

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7
Q

Describe the specific function of the sperm tail?

A

Propels the sperm

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8
Q

Name the hormones involved in spermatogenesis beginning from the hypothalamus

A

GnRH
LH
FSH

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9
Q

State 3 functions of testosterone

A
  • Controls the growth, development, functioning, & maintenance of sex organs
  • Stimulates sperm maturation, bone growth and protein synthesis
  • Stimulates development of male secondary sex characteristics during puberty
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9
Q

State 3 functions of testosterone

A
  • Controls the growth, development, functioning, & maintenance of sex organs
  • Stimulates sperm maturation, bone growth and protein synthesis
  • Stimulates development of male secondary sex characteristics during puberty
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10
Q

Describe the location of and 3 functions of the epididymis

A

Located around the posterior surface of the testis

  • Site for sperm to mature & gain motility
  • Stores Sperm
  • Propels sperm in ductus deferens by peristalsis during sexual arousal
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11
Q

State the function of the Ductus (vas) deferens

A
  • Transports the sperm from the epididymis to the urethra by peristalsis
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12
Q

Name the structures located in the spermatic cord

A

The spermatic cord contains all the structures passing to and from the testes

  • Testicular blood vessel
  • Autonomic nerves
  • Lymphatic vessels
  • Ducts (vas) Deferens
  • Cremaster muscle
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13
Q

Describe the location and state the function of the seminal vesicles?

A

They sit on the posterior surface of the bladder and add an alkaline, viscous fluid that contains fructose for sperm to use for producing ATP

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14
Q

Describe the location and state the function of the ejaculatory duct?

A

Runs through the superior aspect of the prostate gland. The ejaculatory duct ejects sperm and seminal vesicle secretions into the urethra just before ejaculation

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15
Q

Describe the location and state the function of the prostate gland?

A

Located just inferior to the urinary bladder. The prostate gland squeezes glandular secretions into the urethra. This fluid is milking and slightly acidic. It nourishes and transports sperm

16
Q

Describe the location and state the function of bulbourethral glands?

A

Located at the base of the penis. It produces a thick, clear, alkaline mucus which drains into the urethra and lubricates the male during sexual excitement. It also neutralises the acidic urine in the urethra.

16
Q

Describe the location and state the function of bulbourethral glands?

A

Located at the base of the penis. It produces a thick, clear, alkaline mucus which drains into the urethra and lubricates the male during sexual excitement. It also neutralises the acidic urine in the urethra.

17
Q

Describe the function of the urethra

A

It carries urine out of the bladder & propels semen along the length of the penis for discharge during ejaculation

18
Q

Explain why a male doesn’t urinate during ejaculation?

A

During ejaculation a smooth muscle sphincter at the base of the urinary bladder closes (involuntary), preventing urine from entering the urethra & preventing semen entering the urinary bladder

19
Q

Describe two age related changes that occur in older men?

A
  • About age 55 a decline in testosterone levels results in decreased muscular strength, fewer viable sperm & decreased sexual desire. But abundant sperm may be present in old age.
  • Benign prostatic hyperplasia may cause frequent urination, decreased force of stream, bed-wetting & sensation of incomplete emptying
20
Q

Describe the changes to the reproductive system that occur with the onset of puberty.

A

• The onset of puberty 12-14 yrs is marked by pulses of GnRH which trigger production of FSH & LH

21
Q

In males, FSH does what?

A

stimulate spermatogenesis

22
Q

Sperm move by means of?

A

Flagella

23
Q

The bulb of the penis is located at the base of the?

A

Corpus spongiosum

24
Q

The cells in the testis responsible for producing testosterone are the?

A

Leydig cells

25
Q

The ejaculatory duct attaches to the urethra in a region surrounded by the?

A

Prostate gland

26
Q

The fructose in semen is secreted by the?

A

Seminal vesicles

27
Q

The function of chemicals within the acrosomal cap is to

A

Aid the sperm in penetration into a secondary oocyte

28
Q

The longest duct of the male reproductive tract, passing from the scrotum into the pelvic cavity, is the?

A

Ductus deferens

29
Q

The portion of the penis which surrounds the urethra is the?

A

Corpus spongiosum

30
Q

What cells lies next to the basement membrane of the seminiferous tubules?

A

spermatogonia

31
Q

Which of the hormones produced in the male directly stimulates testosterone secretion?

A

LH

32
Q

Sperm move by means of?

A

Flagella

BNNS502 Nursing Science 2 Part 2 (8 decks)

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