Male repro anatomy

Question 1

What is the teste and what does it do ?

Answer 1

teste is the gonad for a male it has an endocrine function of secreting testosterone and produces and transports sperm.

Question 2

What is the epididymis and what does it do ?

Answer 2

epididymis is a convoluted tubule that carries sperm from the efferent tubules to the ductus deferens its also where sperm matures within 14 days as it gets to the tail

Question 3

What is the ductus deferens ?

Answer 3

The ductus deferens is a tube like structure that carries sperm from the tail of the epididymis to the accessory glands and can add seminal plasma to the sperm .

Question 4

What is the vaginal tunic and its layers ?

Answer 4

the vaginal tunic is an infolding of the peritoneum
- parietal layer
- visceral layer
between each there is peritoneal fluid

Question 5

Outline the layers of the teste from scrotal skin inwards towards the seminiferous tubules ?

Answer 5

scrotal skin
tunica dartos
scrotal fascia
parietal
visceral
tunica albuginea

Question 6

What do leydig cells do ?

Answer 6

testosterone

Question 7

What do sertoli cells do ?

Answer 7

support sperm production - enable germ cells to produce sperm

Question 8

how can the teste be identified on ultrasound ?

Answer 8

the mediastinum appears hyperechoic ( white ) - line ( longitudinal ) or circle ( transverse

Question 9

What muscles elevate the testes

Answer 9

cremaster - short term ( striated )
tunica dartos - long term ( smooth )
heat regulation closer to body warmer

Question 10

What are the contents of the spermatic cord ? pampiniform plexus func

Answer 10

ductus deferens
vaginal cavity
cremaster muscle
pampiniform plexus - heat exchange and testosterone transfer from testicular vein to artery to keep local testosterone levels high .

Question 11

blood supply to the testes

Answer 11

testicular artery and vein

Question 12

blood supp,ly to accessory glands , urethra and penis ?

Answer 12

internal pudendal artery

Question 13

innervation of the penis

Answer 13

dorsal penis nerve the terminal branch of the pudendal nerve

Question 14

What are the accessory glands and what do accessory glands do

Answer 14

produce seminal plasma
ampulla
vesicular glands
prostate
bulbourethral

Question 15

What are some species differences

Answer 15

-pigs dont have ampulla
-dogs dont have vesicular or bulbourethral
cats dont have ampulla and vesicular glands
-cats spikes on penis
-boar has corkscrew penis and produces lots of sperm so accessory glands are large
-dog has os penis and bilobed prostate
-urethral process in small ruminants

Question 16

Pathology in male repro tract

Answer 16

• prostate - hyperplasia ( compress rectum ) , infection , cysts

Question 17

What are the 3 keys muscles of the male repro tract ?

Answer 17

bulbospongiosus - surrounds bulbourethral glands and penile urethra ,striated and help transport semen through urethra
urethralis – surrounds the pelvic urethra , striated and helps transport semen
ischiocavernosus muscle - encloses the crura penis and important for erection

Question 18

What are the two types of erectile tissue ?

Answer 18

corpus cavernosum - has two each side basis of the crura
corpus spongiosum - has the urethra in the middle

Question 19

What are the two types of penis ?

Answer 19

fibroelastic - cc contains lots of fibroelastic tissue , sigmoid flexure and retractor penis muscle relaxes
musculocavernous - cc is more muscular , change in length and girth due to blood flow

Question 20

What three areas do we take a swab from the penis

Answer 20

urethral process
fossa glandis
urethral sinus